Abstract
Nano SiO2 and MgO particles were incorporated into β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffolds to improve the mechanical and biological properties. The porous cylindrical β-TCP scaffolds doped with 0.5 wt % SiO2, 1.0 wt % MgO, 0.5 wt % SiO2 + 1.0 wt % MgO were fabricated via selective laser sintering respectively and undoped β-TCP scaffold was also prepared as control. The phase composition and mechanical strength of the scaffolds were evaluated. X-ray diffraction analysis indicated that the phase transformation from β-TCP to α-TCP was inhibited after the addition of MgO. The compressive strength of scaffold was improved from 3.12 ± 0.36 MPa (β-TCP) to 5.74 ± 0.62 MPa (β-TCP/SiO2), 9.02 ± 0.55 MPa (β-TCP/MgO) and 10.43 ± 0.28 MPa (β-TCP/SiO2/MgO), respectively. The weight loss and apatite-forming ability of the scaffolds were evaluated by soaking them in simulated body fluid. The results demonstrated that both SiO2 and MgO dopings slowed down the degradation rate and improved the bioactivity of β-TCP scaffolds. In vitro cell culture studies indicated that SiO2 and MgO dopings facilitated cell attachment and proliferation. Combined addition of SiO2 and MgO were found optimal in enhancing both the mechanical and biological properties of β-TCP scaffold.
Highlights
Characterization of the ScaffoldsThe model was designed with radius 7 mm, height 8 mm and interconnected square channels size 0.6 × 0.6 mm
Introduction βTricalcium phosphate (β-TCP, β-Ca3(PO4)2) has been widely used as bone substitute material for bone regeneration because of its excellent biocompatibility and bioactivity [1]
Results of this study revealed that SiO2 and MgO could be used as additives to adjust the biodegradation characteristics of β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffold
Summary
The model was designed with radius 7 mm, height 8 mm and interconnected square channels size 0.6 × 0.6 mm. The designed porosity for all scaffolds was 48.3%. A representative cylindrical scaffold was fabricated via SLS (Figure 1b) with laser power 12 W, scan speed 100 mm/min, layer thickness 0.1 mm and laser beam spot size 800 μm. The scaffold had an intact structure and possessed good handling stability. The scaffold possessed interconnected porosity which was ~600 μm in X-Y plane. Good connections between pore walls and uniform network structure were observed. Surface morphologies of all the scaffolds revealed a highly dense structure (Figure 1e)
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