Abstract
Real-time monitoring of early antitumor efficacy is one of the key issues in realizing high-efficiency and more precise tumor treatment. As a highly specific event in the early stage of apoptosis, the release of cytochrome c may act as a key biomarker for monitoring cell apoptosis. However, achieving real-time monitoring of the cytochrome c release in vivo remains a challenge. Herein, we report a novel integrated nanosystem named DFeK nanoparticle (DFeK NP) to achieve a favorable collaboration of inducing tumor cell apoptosis and monitoring early therapeutic efficacy, which combined the cytochrome c-activated DNA nanoprobe cApt-App with pro-apoptotic peptide [KLAKLAK]2 and ferrous ions. [KLAKLAK]2 can target the mitochondria to disrupt the mitochondrial membrane together with reactive oxygen species produced by ferrous ions via the Fenton reaction to promote mitochondrial damage. Then, cytochrome c is released from damaged mitochondria to trigger apoptosis, further activating the cApt-App probe from the fluorescence "off" state to the "on" state. The cytochrome c-specific "off-to-on" transition was successfully applied in fluorescence imaging of cytochrome c in vivo and thus achieved real-time early therapeutic efficacy monitoring. Collectively, this work presents a valuable integrated tool for tumor inhibition and therapeutic efficacy evaluation to realize more precise and more effective tumor treatment.
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Disclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.