Abstract
Essential oils (EOs) and their components have been conducted for insecticidal properties. Castor oil (CO) and nano-emulsion (CNE) were used against Tribolium castaneum and Oryzaephilus surinamensis under laboratory conditions. CNE exhibited mortality % on T. castaneum (80–100%) and O. surinamensis (75–100%) after 1 week, with respect to CO (80–100%) at 35 and 50%. Beetle progeny recorded 100% for CNE on T. castaneum, but CO ranged from 82 to 100% after 3 months. Regarding O. surinamensis, CNE did not show any adult emerged. Administered doses: (CO, 400 mg/kg body weight) and (CNE, 200 and 100 mg/kg equivalent ½ and ¼ LD50 of CO) in rats did not observe signs of toxicity. Mild infiltration inflammatory cells and vacuolations were induced in hepato-sections and mild degenerative of vacuolated glomeruli was found in the renal sections. So, a nano-derived form of CO can be practiced as an eco-friendly alternative against the stored grain pests
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