Abstract
Exposure to dust particles can lead to respiratory problems, diseases, and even death. In this study, we examined the effects of Nandina domestica (ND) on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung of intra-nazal-trachea (INT) injected mice with fine dust mixture of coal, flay ash and diesel exhausted particle (CFD). ND significantly reduced the counts of neutrophils in BALF and histological changes in lung tissues including infiltration of inflammatory cells and goblet cell hyperplasia with lowering lung injury score and periodic acid Schiff (PAS) score. In addition, the elevated inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-17 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in BALF, macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2) and C-X-C motif chemokine 1 (CXCL-1) significantly decreased to a greater extent by ND treatment. Furthermore, ND significantly decreased levels of asymmetric dimethyl-arginine (ADMA) and symmetric dimethyl-arginine (SDMA) elevated by CFD in BALF. Therefore, these data suggest that ND ameliorated lung injury by suppressing inflammatory cytokines as well as by reducing the accumulation of neutrophils.
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