NAMES OF AGRICULTURAL TOOLS IN THE DICTIONARY OF RUSSIAN DIALECTS OF ODESSA REGION

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to identify and analyze the names of agricultural tools recorded in the Dictionary of Russian dialects of Odessa region (Odessa, 2000–2001, vol. 1–2). The object of study is the dialectal appellatives for agricultural tools. This material was collected during dialectological expeditions of specialists and students of the Faculty of Philology, Odessa I. I. Mechnikov National University for several decades (1960s – 2020s). The subject of the study is the typology of the identified units according to functional and pragmatic features, as well as their etymological and word-formation analysis. The methods of functional, linguopragmatic, sociolinguistic, semantic, etymological, word-forming and quantitative analysis, as well as the descriptive method, are applied. The result of this research is the identification of five lexical-semantic subgroups of the LSG "Names of Agricultural Tools". Conclusions. A total of 278 names of this LSG are recorded in the Dictionary of Russian dialects of Odessa region, which are not found in the multi-volume Dictionary of Russian folk dialects. The largest is the subgroup of names of manual agricultural equipment, tools, and accessories for them (121 units, i.e. 43.5 %). This data indicates a very significant share of manual labor in agricultural production in the northwestern Black Sea region, and, at the same time, a variety of types activities aimed at growing, harvesting and processing crops. The second subgroup is the names of tools used with a horse or traction device (61 units, i.e. 22 %); the third – names of places for storing agricultural equipment, tools, devices and grown crops (42 units, i.e. 15.1 %), the fourth – names of agricultural machines and devices (40 units, i.e. 14.4 %); the smallest is the fifth subgroup – names of means of moving agricultural products (14 units, i.e. 5 %). The studied material testifies to the multi-vector development of polysemy in the group of words called tools of agricultural labor in the Russian dialects of Odessa region. Borrowings from the languages of the peoples who live or lived compactly together with Russians in the adjacent territory in the Odessa region (Ukrainians, Bulgarians, Moldovans, Gagauz, Germans [before 1944]) are also represented among the analyzed lexemes.