Abstract
Spacetime singularity has always been of interest since the proof of the Penrose-Hawking singularity theorem. Naked singularity naturally emerges from reasonable initial conditions in the collapsing process. A recent interesting approach in black hole information problem implies that we need a firewall to break the surplus entanglements among the Hawking photons. Classically, the firewall becomes a naked singularity. We find some vacuum analytical solutions in Rn-gravity of the firewall-type and use these solutions as concrete models to study the naked singularities. By using standard quantum theory, we investigate the Hawking radiation emitted from the black holes with naked singularities. Here we show that the singularity itself does not destroy information. A unitary quantum theory works well around a firewall-type singularity. We discuss the validity of our result in general relativity. Further our result demonstrates that the temperature of the Hawking radiation still can be expressed in the form of the surface gravity divided by 2π. This indicates that a naked singularity may not compromise the Hakwing evaporation process.
Highlights
We hear the incredible gravitational wave signal of a binary black hole merger after a century’s wait[1]
It is shown that gravitational collapse of a scalar field leads to a naked singularity with reasonable initial conditions[7, 8]
Even in the frame of loop quantum gravity, a naked singularity could exist, though its physical meaning is slightly different from a classical one[9]
Summary
We hear the incredible gravitational wave signal of a binary black hole merger after a century’s wait[1]. A recent dramatic progress in the studies of black hole information, i.e., the firewall paradox, indicates that naked singularities may be more widespread than what we thought before[10, 11]. A scalar polynomial curvature singularity appears in the frame of general relativity. It cannot be called a black hole in a rigorous sense, since there is no horizon enclosing such a firewall singularity.
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