Najčešći uzroci stresa i psihosomatske manifestacije kod medicinskih sestara na Odeljenju neonatalne intenzivne nege

Abstract

Objective. Nursing staff employed in intensive care units implies exposure to different types of workloads that pose risk factors for the occurrence of harmful physical and emotional reactions, i.e. professional stress. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify the most common causes of stress and psychosomatic manifestations among nurses at the Department of Neonatal Intensive Care. Methods. The research was carried out by the type of cross-sectional study. The study included a sample of (N) 42 nurses-technicians employed at the Department of Neonatal Intensive Care. The survey used a structured questionnaire form, specially designed for the purposes of this study. Results. The distribution of multiple responses pointed to the fact that: resuscitation, lack of nursing staff, extensive administration, admission and death of the highly endangered newborn are extremely strong stressors in the nurses' job. All respondents stated the negative impact of noise and occasional exposure to ionizing radiation as adverse working conditions. Almost 67% of the subjects feel exhaustion, and 38.1% report muscle aches. Accidental workplace injuries were reported by 4.8% of respondents. According to the subjective assessment of respondents, daily stress is experienced by 52.4%. Conclusion. Nurses working at the Department of Neonatal Intensive Care perceive different situations as extremely strong work stressors. The most intense stressors are also the most common: resuscitation, lack of nursing staff, extensive administration, admission and death of a vitally endangered newborn. These specific psychological factors of the workload are determinants that have a predictive value in a subjective assessment of experienced stress in more than half of our respondents. The psychosomatic manifestations of stress that dominate among nurses are: feeling of exhaustion and muscle aches.