Abstract
Objective: To identify risk factors associated with the birth of newborns with low birth weight and compare these factors among newborns with low weight and weight appropriate for gestational age. Methods: a case-control study, with quantitative approach, based on the analysis of documentary records of newborns with low birth weight, Hospital Santa Casa de Misericordia de Piracicaba, in Sao Paulo. The study was conducted from January to December 2007. Results: 129 neonates were included in the survey. Among the factors analyzed, only three are associated with low birth weight in the institution under study: smokers (x2 = 11.91), the number of pre-natal care visits (x2 = 36.87) and the presence of serious pregnancy illnesses (x2 = 125.24). Conclusion: It is important to carry out preventive programs, based on epidemiological studies to decrease the number of births of newborns with low weight and, consequently, help to reduce infant mortality rates.
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