Abstract
ABSTRACTBinding of Na+ in aqueous gum systems as determined by 23Na nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and its relations to perceived saltiness were examined. Two levels of NaCl (0.1% and 0.2%) were added to two concentrations (0.1% and 0.3%) of two ionic (xanthan and kappa carrageenan) and two non‐ionic (locust bean and guar) gum solutions. Saltiness perception was affected by the ionic properties of the gums. NMR transverse relaxation rates (R2, see−l) indicated Na+ was less mobile in ionic than nonionic systems. Ionic gums correspondingly suppressed saltiness perception‐ compared to nonionic gums. As Na+ increased in both ionic and nonionic systems, R2 values converged and perceived saltiness equalized. Food components that bind Na+ may suppress saltiness perception, which may be important in low‐sodium foods.
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