Abstract
The treatment of expired medical injections has always been a thorny environmental concern due to high liquid mobility and crispy glass bottle package. For this purpose, in this work, expired vitamin B1 (VB1) injections were recycled via the hydrothermal carbonization pelletizing and the following pyrolysis for the first time. The resultant VB1-derived N-doped carbon (VBNC) appeared as the morphology of regular micro-spheres with the mean diameter of 3.4 ± 0.7 μm. Furthermore, as the anode-active material in lithium ion battery (LIB), it also delivered high initial discharge capacity of 731 mAh g−1 at 0.025 A g−1 and the reversible discharge capacities of 358, 292, 203 and 118 mAh g−1 even at 0.5 A g−1, 1 A g−1, 2 A g−1 and 4 A g−1 for 500 cycles. Regular micro-spherical morphology and N-doping effect may jointly contribute into the satisfactory electrochemical performances, indicating high feasibility for LIB anode and offering a good strategy to recycle expired waste VB1 injections.
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