Abstract
Nitrous oxide is not an environmentally regulated species in the U.S., but it does participate in the stratospheric ozone chemistry and contributes to the greenhouse effect. Nitrous oxide has been found to be a by-product of the selective non-catalytic reduction process. Chemical kinetic calculations demonstrated that the formation of nitrous oxide in the urea-based selective non-catalytic reduction process is linked to the conversion of NO by cyano species released from the process parent compounds. This conversion occurs within in temperature window between 850 and 1050℃. With urea injection, nitrous oxide emissions represent up to 20 percent conversion of the NOx reduced. The amount of nitrous oxide formed depends primarily on the process temperature, the amount of chemical injected, the initial NOx level, and the carbon monoxide level in the gas stream. These observations, which were based on the chemical kinetics of the process, should be considered in designing selective non-catalytic reduction systems to minimize nitrous oxide by- product formation.
Highlights
While global climate changes have been associated with increased levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere, there is growing concern about the role of other trace gas species such as methane (CH4), chlorofluorocarbons (CFC) and nitrous oxide (N2O)
Nitrous oxide is not an environmentally regulated species in the U.S, but it does participate in the stratospheric ozone chemistry and contributes to the greenhouse effect
Chemical kinetic calculations demonstrated that the formation of nitrous oxide in the urea-based selective non-catalytic reduction process is linked to the conversion of NO by cyano species released from the process parent compounds
Summary
While global climate changes have been associated with increased levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere, there is growing concern about the role of other trace gas species such as methane (CH4), chlorofluorocarbons (CFC) and nitrous oxide (N2O). One estimate suggests that doubling atmospheric N2O concentration would result in a 12 percent decrease in total column of ozone [2]. N2O emissions from combustion sources should be low given that gas-phase chemical reactions such as N2O + radicals = N2 + radicals and stable species are extremely rapid at furnace temperatures (1500 ̊C - 1700 ̊C). It is prudent to be aware of the potential for N2O emissions from the SNCR process and to know the extent to which N2O is a process by-product, as well as, to know the process parameters and mechanisms leading to its emission This information would be important for the development of control strategies for SNCR-produced.
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