Abstract
In this paper, the behaviour of the bolt head deformation in connecting is examined in detail, and the detecting method of bolt axial tension is investigated using its characteristic. And then the high accuracy and practical sensor detecting bolt axial tension is developed. The results of here are as follow : (1) By taking exactly and steadily the outer portion of the bolt head as the datum plane, the amount of the bolt head deformation can be accurately detected. (2) The amount of the deformation is in good proportion to the bolt axial tension. (3) Since the bolt head center is displaced nearly in parallel by the axial tension, the influence of the eccentricity of sensor position on the sensor sensitivity is small. (4) The detection of the axial tension is possible also in the case of the bolt marked on the top of the head. (5) The influences of the washer material, washer hole diameter and inclination of washer surface are relatively great. And in the case of standard washer, the influence of the eccentricity of the washer is small. (6) Since the influence of the temperature is small, the compensation of the temperature is no need.
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