全新世以来江汉平原地形及其环境变化探讨

Abstract

本文以江汉平原的钻孔作为研究对象，收集了10个位于江汉平原WE向的钻孔资料。这10个钻孔资料都是前人发表的数据，综合分析这些钻孔数据，绘制出了江汉平原自西向东地层联孔图。通过对钻孔数据的分析，重建了全新世以来江汉平原地形变化和环境变化。结果显示，全新世以来江汉平原的地形和气候变化可以分为三个阶段：在全新世初期（10~7ka BP），江汉平原大部分地区相对平坦，秦市乡潭彩剅村和沔城一带相对比较低洼，这一时期主要受到河流切割作用；全新世大暖期期间（7~3ka BP），由于长江和汉江等河流洪泛沉积发育，洪水携带的沉积物在秦市乡潭彩剅村和沔城一带相对比较低洼的地方快速堆积；约3ka BP时，江汉平原的地形和全新世初期比已经有了很大变化，很多低洼的地方和一些深的凹槽已经基本上被填平，地形起伏变得缓和，此后江汉平原的地形受人类影响越来越大。Based on the borehole of Jianghan Plain as the research object, the date of 10 boreholes located in the East-West of Jianghan Plain were collected. These data were published by previous studies. Stratigraphic map from west to east of the Jianghan Plain is drawn out through comprehensive analysis of these drilling data. Through the analysis of drilling data, the terrain and climatic change since Holocene have been reconstructed. The research result shows that terrain and climatic changes of Jianghan Plain can be divided into three stages as follows: in 10 - 7 ka BP, most of the regions were relatively flat. Tancaidou village in Qinshi country and Miancheng area were relatively low. This period were mainly formed by river cutting action; during 7 - 3 ka BP because of the Yangtze river and Hanjiang river flood deposit development, the sediment carried by flood accumulate rapidly in relatively low area of Tancaidou village in Qinshi country and Miancheng area; ~3 ka BP many low-lying areas and some deep grooves have basically been filled. Then Jianghan Plain terrain influenced by human is growing.