Abstract

We developed a "hybrid exercise" technique that uses the force generated by an electrically stimulated antagonist muscle to provide resistance to a volitionally contracting agonist. In other words, the agonist performs volitional concentric contraction against an electrically stimulated eccentric contraction of the antagonist. Hybrid exercise has several advantages. These include; 1) activation of type I muscle fiber as a result of the volitional contraction of agonist muscles, 2) simultaneous exercise both agonist and antagonist musculatures, 3) longitudinal bone force loads, 4) requiring minimal external stabilization of the subjects, and 5) proven safety of the electrical stimulation as a physical therapy modality.

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