種々の状態に於ける金屬材料の磨耗に就て

Abstract

The problem of the wear between two metallic materials had been studied by many investigators. However, the wear between metallic and non-metallic materials, which refer to the field of industrial productive machines, is also an important problem, nevertheless the researches of this problem are few in our country. Several years ago, the present author made the comparative test of the chilled cast iron and martensitic Mn-steel and discussed the industrial value of the latter. Thereafter, the author carried on the wear tests of many kinds of metallic material, in various conditions. The present paper is referred to the nineteen kinds of metallic material of low and high grade, and the investigation was performed with a tube mill type testing machine by using clinker and sand as the abrasive. The conditions of these tests are as follows: in the dry condition wear test, at the room temperature, 600°C and 1, 000°C; in the wet condition wear test, supplying water or 5% sulphuric acid solution to the sand-abrasive.In the case of clinker-abrasive which hardness is lower than sand, cast iron should decidedly a great amount of wear and the low grade materials showed somewhat larger amount of wear than the high grade. In the case of sand-abrasive, harder than clinker, cast iron showed again the lowest wear-resistance, as the former case, but, in this case, the low grade materials generally showed less amount of wear than high grade materials. In the case of clinker-abrasive at the high temperature, 600°C, the wear-resistance of the low grade materials, except cast iron and chilled cast iron, was much inferior to the high grade materials. In this case, the wear resistance of metallic materials depends chiefly upon their chemical composition and the resistance to oxidation. In the case of clinker-abrasive at the higher temperature, 1, 000°C, the amount of wear of low grade materials increased notably, but, on the contrary, high grade materials, except 13% Cr-steel, showed very small amount of wear. On the test of wet condition, with no load, using sand-abrasive, the low grade materials showed larger amount of wear than high grade materials in spite of the water quantity, and, especially, the wear of cast iron was most notable. In the test of wet and loaded condition, all materials generally showed over 21/2 times of amount of wear of the no-loaded condition test. But in this case, the tendency of the comparative wear was similar to the former case, and when the water supply is little the low grade materials showed larger amount of wear than the case of much supply of water, but the high grade materials showed the contrary phenomenon. In the wet condition wear test with 5% sulphric acid solution, the wear was greatly influenced by the chemical composition of these materials, and consequently had little relation to the hardness which is a serious factor to the wear, and showed the complicated results.