莱州湾及黄河口水域鱼类群落结构的季节变化

Abstract

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 莱州湾及黄河口水域鱼类群落结构的季节变化 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201303060354 作者: 作者单位: 上海海洋大学海洋科学学院 上海;山东省渔业资源与生态环境重点实验室 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 青岛;山东省渔业资源与生态环境重点实验室 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 青岛,山东省渔业资源与生态环境重点实验室 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 青岛;山东省渔业资源与生态环境重点实验室 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 青岛,山东省渔业资源与生态环境重点实验室 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 青岛,山东省渔业资源与生态环境重点实验室 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 青岛,山东省渔业资源与生态环境重点实验室 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 青岛 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家重点基础研究发展计划资助项目（2011CB409805，2010CB951204）；山东省优秀中青年科学家科研奖励基金资助项目（BS2012HZ030）；山东省泰山学者专项基金资助项目 Seasonal variations in fish community structure in the Laizhou Bay and the Yellow River Estuary Author: Affiliation: College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai;Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Resources and Ecological Environment, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, CAFS, Qingdao,,,,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Resources and Ecological Environment, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, CAFS, Qingdao Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:根据2011年5月-2012年4月对莱州湾及黄河口水域9个航次的渔业底拖网调查数据，对该水域鱼类群落结构特征及其季节变化进行了初步研究。结果表明：莱州湾及黄河口水域共捕获鱼类62种，隶属于11目、34科、53属，主要由暖水种和暖温种组成，其中鲈形目种类最多（37种），其次是鲉形目（7种）和鲽形目（6种）。春季优势种包括矛尾鰕虎鱼（Chaeturichthys stigmatias）、鲱衔（Callionymus beniteguri）、短吻红舌鳎（Cynoglossus joyneri）、矛尾复鰕虎鱼（Synechogobius hasta）和方氏云鳚（Enedrias fangi），其渔获量占总渔获量的70.8%；夏季包括矛尾鰕虎鱼、斑鰶（Konosirus punctatus）、鲱衔和短吻红舌鳎，占总渔获量的68.1%；秋季包括矛尾鰕虎鱼、赤鼻棱鳀（Thrissa kammalensis）、鳀（Engraulis japonicus）、青鳞小沙丁鱼（Sardinella zunasi）、斑鰶、小黄鱼（Larimichthys polyactis）和矛尾复鰕虎鱼，占总渔获量的87.1%。平均单位时间渔获量存在显著季节变化，以秋季最高（22.63kg/h），其次是夏季（16.75kg/h），春季最低（1.29kg/h）。春季（5月）平均单位时间渔获量为0.69kg/h，为1959年、2003年、2006年和2008年春季（5月）的0.3%、0.3%、1.7%和541.2%，鱼类资源量虽有所回升，但总体呈大幅下降的趋势。鱼类种类数、丰富度指数和多样性指数夏季较高，秋季次之，春季最低，但是以渔获尾数计算的均匀度指数，夏季最大，春季最小，以渔获量计算的均匀度指数则相反，且丰富度指数和多样性指数与表层温度呈极显著相关（P<0.01），丰富度指数和均匀度指数与表层盐度呈极显著相关（P<0.01）。 Abstract:Seasonal variations in fish community structure characteristics in the Laizhou Bay and the Yellow River Estuary were analyzed by combining data collected from bottom trawl surveys on 9 different voyages in May-November, 2011 and March-April, 2012 with existing historical data. A total 62 fish species were caught, belonging to 11 orders and 34 families, which mainly comprised warm water and warm temperate species. The Perciformes were the most abundant (37 species), followed by the Scorpaeniformes (7 species) and Pleuronectiformes (6 species). In terms of total catch per haul (kg) and the number per haul, warm temperate species were the most abundant followed by warm water species and cold temperate species. The warm temperate species catches were highest in spring in the coastal region, whereas warm water and warm temperate species catches were higher in summer and autumn, which were mostly distributed in the northeast Laizhou Bay deep-water area in autumn. Warm temperate species were widely distributed in summer and warm water species were mostly distributed in the coastal region of southern Laizhou Bay. The dominant species in spring were mainly non-commercial demersal fish; Chaeturichthys stigmatias, Callionymus beniteguri, Synechogobius hasta, and Enedrias fangi accounted for 66.4% of the total catch. The dominant species in summer were also mainly non-commercial demersal fish species; C. stigmatias and C. beniteguri accounted for 44.6% of the total catch. While in autumn, the dominant species were mainly commercial pelagic fish; Engraulis japonicus, Sardinella zunasi, and Konosirus punctatus accounted for 40.8% of the total catch. According to the dominance curve, the dominant species were most prominent in summer, autumn, and spring in that order. The catch per haul exhibited significant seasonal variation, being highest in autumn (22.66 kg/h) followed by summer (16.75kg/ h) then spring (1.29 kg/ h). The average catch per haul of the dominant species in spring (May) was 0.69 kg/h, which is 0.3%, 0.3%, 1.7%, and 541.2% of the surveys in the spring (May) of 1959, 2003, and 2008, respectively. Despite the small increase in fish resources, the overall trend shows a substantial decrease. Species composition exhibited higher similarities in adjacent months, i.e. each month of the same season and the months of summer and autumn. The number of fish species and abundance and diversity indices were all highest in summer, followed by autumn and then spring. However, the evenness index calculated by number was highest in summer and lowest in spring, this trend was inversed when the index was calculated by weight. The species abundance and diversity indices were significantly correlated with sea surface temperature (P<0.01). The species abundance index and evenness index were significantly correlated with sea surface salinity (P<0.01). 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献