旱地小麦理想株型与生长冗余研究

Abstract

Since Donald proposed ideotype breeding in 1968, agronomists and breeders have endeavoured to develop ideotype-oriented breeding methods to improve the dryland wheat production. Several scholars have discussed methods to reduce growth redundancy and improve the ideotype of crops, and have made some progress on dryland wheat breeding strategies and model innovation for cultivation management. Nevertheless, the evaluation of crop ideotype is not the same in different ecological zones, and progress on a specific crop ideotype for a particular ecological zone is not universally accepted. In this paper, the recent progress in ideotype research for the dryland wheat is reviewed and the evolutionary trend in growth redundancy in roots, stems and tiller number studied. At the same time, based on the data that has been collected under rainfed agricultural systems on Loess Plateau over the past two decades, we conducted regression analysis between root biomass, above-ground biomass, height and yield. On the Loess Plateau, spring wheat still has a high root/shoot ratio and removal of some root biomass can improve seed production, implying that there is a high incidence of growth redundancy in modern crop cultivars. The excessive growth of individual organs results in decreased yields. Further ecological mechanism of growth redundancy and interaction between ideotype and growth 基金项目:国家自然科学基金(31070372); 国家科技支撑计划(2012BAD14B10); 甘肃省科学院开发与应用基金项目(2012JK-03); 科技部国际合作项目 (2013DFA30950) ; 国家星火计划项目(2012GA860003); 国家公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201106029-2); 中央高校基本科研业务费专项 (lzujbky-2012-220) * 通讯作者 Corresponding author. E-mail: xiongyc@lzu.edu.cn 