Abstract
The object of this study is to experimentally evaluate a performance and exhaust emissions of a single cylinder, four stroke cycle, direct-injection type diesel engine with no modifications operating on gas oil, waste vegetable oils, waste animal fat from restaurant grease and rice oil methyl ester. To prevent the clogging of the injection nozzle, gas oil was used as fuel before and after the experiment by tested fuels. The combustion characteristics and emissions such as specific energy consumption, ignition delay, concentra-tions of NOx, CO, THC, particulate matter PM and smoke opacity are compared with those of JIS # 2 gas oil. The measurement results showed that the vegetable oil and animal fat produced lower amount of CO, smoke and PM at high load condition. Specially, animal fat offers a measurable reduction in NOx concentration compared to JIS # 2 gas oil, while at the same time lowering, PM and smoke at high load condition. Also discussed are the usability of the fuel pre-heater to reduce the effect of the high viscosity of animal fat, as well as the validity of application to a treatment process of the waste food oil.
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