黄河下游冲淤平衡的临界输沙量研究

Abstract

本文分析了三门峡水库和小浪底水库不同运用时期黄河下游冲淤特征，在总结分析前人有关黄河下游冲淤平衡时的不同含沙量的临界流量成果的基础上，利用花园口、高村水文站逐日水沙资料，通过年径流量大小划分不同水文年，选择不同水文年典型代表年分别为平水年(1976~1978年)、丰水年(1982~1985年)和枯水年(1986~1988年)，利用总结的估算方法，推算出不同水文年黄河下游水沙冲淤平衡的临界输沙量为平水年6.54亿t、丰水年8.83亿t和枯水年3.95亿t，平均值为6.44亿t。研究结果可为黄河下游河道治理提供科学依据。 The characteristics of scour and deposition of Sanmenxia reservoir and Xiaolangdi reservoir different application period in the lower reaches were analyzed. Based on previous researches on critical flow of different sediment concentration under equilibrium between scouring and deposition in the lower reaches of the Yellow River, using daily flow of Huayuankou and Gaocun hydrologic station, different hydrological years are divided by annual runoff; the typical representative years of different hydrological years are normal water year (from 1976 to 1978), wet water year (from 1982 to 1985) and dry year (from 1986 to 1988). The critical sediment discharges of different hydrologic years were calculated using a summary of the estimation methods. The lower reaches of Yellow River is in equilibrium between scouring and deposition, which is 6.54 × 108 t, 8.83 × 108 t and 3.95 × 108 t in normal year, wet year and dry year respectively, with an average of 6.44 × 108 t. It provides scientific basis for the lower reaches regulation of the Yellow River.