晚淸书院藏书目录的多种类型及其成因

Abstract

During the late Qing Dynasty, the construction of the collection of books in the academies developed vigorously. According to statistics, there were more bibliographies for the collection of books in the academies handed down during this period than in the previous era combined. There are various types of bibliographies for the collection of books in the academies of the late Qing Dynasty. From a detailed perspective, there are both summary bibliographies that emphasize “debating the knowledge carefully and observing the origin clearly”, and account book bibliographies that only register the basic information of books. In terms of the selection of classification systems, there are not only classification of four types of classics, but also categories that seek to break the barriers between Chinese and Western learning and set up a new classification system, and some categories that are donation directory with donor item. The diversity development of the bibliography of late Qing academies was mainly influenced by the rapid growth of the book collection in different stages, the lack of a unified classification system, and the instability of book purchases. The book collection of late Qing academies achieved diversified development in the process of continuous transformation, and their collection theory and practice are in a stage of transitioning from traditional to modern times.
 
 晚淸时期, 书院藏书建设得到蓬勃发展, 据统计, 这一时期流传下来的书院藏 书目录比以往时代的总和还多. 晚淸书院藏书目录具有多种类型, 在详略程度上, 既有偏重“考镜源流, 辨章学术”的提要式目录, 也有只登记书籍基本信息的账簿 式目录. 在分类体系的选择上, 既有采用传统四部分类体系的目录, 也有力图打 破中西学壁垒, 设置新分类体系的目录, 更出现了以捐赠人为款目的捐赠目录. 晚淸书院藏书目录的多样性发展, 主要受晚淸书院藏书的阶段性急剧增长, 缺乏 统一分类体系以及书籍购藏的不稳定性因素影响, 晚淸书院藏书在不断的变革过 程中获得了多元发展, 其藏书理论和实践正处于从传统迈向近代的阶段.