切子ガラス括碗の系統と伝播

Abstract

There is no established theory about the origin of the hemispherical bowl with facet decoration which was excavated at the tomb 126 of the Niizawasenzuka in Kashiwara, Nara-prefecture, Japan (Type II). But some similar hemispherical bowls are found at the vestiges of the roman glass vessels—Tanais in the northern shore of the Black sea, Karanis in Egypt, Sardis in Turkey, Dura Europos in Syria, Himlingøje in Denmark, Köln in Germany, etc (Type I). And recently, some Type I examples are excavated at Gulougang in Nanjing and Wulidun in Hebei Province, China.About the western vestiges as Tanais, Dura Europos and Karanis, the buried dates can be fixed practically (Tanais was broken down by the great fire in the 240's, the glass bowls I mentioned above were excavated at the stratum just before the fire. Dura Europos was in existance at most as long as 256, when it was ruined by the attack of Shapur I, the Sassanian King. So the date of the vestiges are almost equal). On the other hand, about the examples excavated in China, even if the epitaph is not found, but the buried date can be settled by comparing with the remains which are excavated at the other similar dated tombs (the date is Xijin or early Dongjin period, from the end of the third century to early forth century.).So as far as Type I is concerned, in the west, they were made in the middle of the third century, and in the east, in the middle of the third century or at the beginning of the forth century. And this disparity of the term shows the term which was needed for its diffusion.In turn, the hemispherical bowls with facet decoration like the excavation from the Niizawasenzuka (Type II) are found at some vestiges of early Sassan period—at Tell Mahuz, Choche in Mesoptamia. They are the preceding form of the Shosoin-Type, which are excavated at Kish in Mesopotamia, etc. (produced in the middle of the Sassan period).In this thesis, standing on these facts, the eastern diffusion of the hemispherical bowl with facet decoration is considered.