祁连山东段高寒植被群落特征及其与地形气候因子关系研究

Abstract

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 祁连山东段高寒植被群落特征及其与地形气候因子关系研究 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201812192760 作者: 作者单位: 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家重点研发项目（2018YFC0507102-05）；国家自然科学基金项目（31560128）；中央引导地方科技发展专项（ydzx20176200004893）；甘肃省科技计划资助项目（18JR3RA0200） Characteristics of alpine vegetation community and its relationship to topographic climate factors in the eastern Qilian mountain Author: Affiliation: Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:地形气候因子与物种分布的关系影响着高寒植被群落的演替，同时对山地水源涵养林功能和结构的维持具有重要的意义。以祁连山东段水源涵养林为研究对象，基于野外植物群落物种组成及地形气候因子调查数据，运用数量分类与排序等方法，探究了高寒植物群落特征及其与地形气候因子的关系。结果表明：65个调查样方中出现181个植物种，隶属40科，124属。科的物种组成及占总物种数比例分别为菊科30个种，占16.57%；蔷薇科17个，占9.44%；禾本科13个种，占7.22%；豆科11个种，占6.11%。毛茛科10个种，占5.56%。单属种82个，占总属数的66.13%。群落层片由乔木层、灌木层和草本层组成，乔木8种，灌木25种，草本148种。乔木层优势种有青海云杉、祁连圆柏、红桦。灌木层优势种有金露梅、山生柳、匙叶小檗、高山绣线菊。草本层优势种有甘肃薹草、珠芽蓼、早熟禾、唐松草、甘青蒿。TWINSPAN将高寒植被群落划分为7个群丛类型：群丛I红桦-红花蔷薇-甘肃薹草B. albosinensis-Rosa moyesii-C.kansuensis，群丛II青海云杉-匙叶小檗-甘肃薹草P.crassifolia-B.vernae-C.kansuensis，群丛III祁连圆柏-高山绣线菊-珠芽蓼Sabina chinensis-Spiraea alpine-P.viviparum，群丛IV高山绣线菊+鬼箭锦鸡儿-珠芽蓼S.alpine+Caragana jubata-P.viviparum，群丛V沙棘+甘青蒿+鼠掌老鹳草Hippophae rhamnoides+A.tangutica+Geranium sibiricum，群丛VI沙棘+苦荬菜+苦荞麦H.rhamnoides+Ixeris polycephala+Fagopyrum tataricum，群丛VII沙棘-冰草+西北沼委陵菜H.rhamnoides-Agropyron cristatum+Comarum salesovianum。7个群丛在DCA排序图上聚集分布，反映了较好的环境梯度。CCA排序结果表明，海拔是祁连山高寒植被群落植物种分布的最重要环境因子，其次是降水、温度、坡向、坡度。 Abstract:The relationship between the topographic climate factors and species distribution influences the succession and development of alpine vegetation communities and also has great significance to maintaining the functions and structure of mountain water conservation forests. In this study, the water conservation forest at the eastern Qilian mountain was taken as the research object. Based on the investigation data of plant community species composition, the topographic and climatic factors, the characteristics of alpine plant community and its relationship with the topographic and climatic factors were explored by quantitative classification and ordination. The results showed that 181 plant species were recorded in 65 samples belonging to 40 families and 124 genera. The largest family was Compositae (30 species), Rosaceae (17 species), Gramineae (13 species), Leguminosae (11 species), and Ranunculaceae (10 species), which accounted for 16.57%, 9.44%, 7.22%, 6.11%, 5.56% of the total species, respectively. The structure of the community consisted of tree layer, shrub layer, and herb layer, with 8 species of trees, 25 species of shrubs, and 148 species of herbs. The dominant species of tree layer were Picea crassifolia, Sabina chinensis, and Betula albosinensis. Potentilla glabra, Salix oritrepha, Berberis vernae, and Spiraea alpine were the dominant species of shrub layer. The dominant species of herb layer were Carex kansuensis, Polygonum viviparum, Poa annua, Thalictrum aquilegiifolium var. sibiricum, and Artemisia tangutica. TWINSPAN divided alpine vegetation communities into 7 cluster types. Ass.I B. albosinensis-Rosa moyesii-C. kansuensis, Ass.II P. crassifolia-B. vernae-C. kansuensis, Ass. III Sabina chinensis-Spiraea alpine-P. viviparum, Ass.IV S. alpine+ Caragana jubata-P. viviparum, Ass.V Hippophae rhamnoides+A. tangutica+Geranium sibiricum, Ass.VI H. rhamnoides+Ixeris polycephala+Fagopyrum tataricum, and Ass.VII H. rhamnoides-Agropyron cristatum+Comarum salesovianum. Seven clusters were clustered and distributed on the DCA ordination graph, which reflected a good environmental gradient. The CCA ordination results showed that altitude was the most important environmental factor for plant species distribution of alpine vegetation community in Qilian mountains, followed by precipitation, temperature, slope direction, and slope. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献