限制性饮食者的自我调节能力

Abstract

研究考察了限制性饮食者的自我调节能力。方法：共87名女大学生被试(45限制性饮食者，42非限制性饮食者)参与了研究，实验采用侧抑制范式，包括目标刺激和分心刺激，均由高、低能量食物图片组成，要求被试注意目标刺激，忽视分心刺激。结果：1) 对于非限制性饮食者而言，目标主效应显著，其对高能量的目标反应更快。2) 对于限制性饮食者而言，目标和分心物之间的交互作用显著，事后检验发现，当目标刺激为高能量图片时，限制性饮食者对高能量的分心刺激(HHH)比低能量的分心刺激(LHL)反应更慢；当目标刺激为低能量图片时，限制性饮食者对高能量的分心刺激(HLH)比低能量的分心刺激(LLL)反应更慢。3) 高能量分心物对限制性饮食者增强的干扰与知觉到的节食成功性成显著负相关。结论：限制性饮食者对高能量分心刺激的抵抗力更弱，伴随着这种较弱的抵抗力，其知觉到的节食上的自我调节成功性也更低。 Purposes: The research examined the self-regulation ability of Restrained eaters (REs) and unrestrained eaters (UREs) by the resistance to the distractor interference. Methods: 87 female participants (45REs, 42UREs) were involved. We chose the flanker task which was programmed using E-Prime 2.0 on a 17-inch monitor, which were consisted of the target stimulus and flanker stimulus, and the participants were told to pay their attention to the target stimulus only, ignoring the flanker stimulus, the flanker task involving high caloric food-cues and low caloric food-cues pictures. Results: 1) For the UREs, there was a main effect of targets; they responded faster to the high calorie targets overall. 2) For the REs, the analysis revealed a target × flanker interaction. Post hoc t-tests revealed that when the target was high caloric pictures, female REs responded slower when presented with high (HHH) than low calorie flanker pictures (LHL); when the target was low caloric pictures, female REs responded slower when presented with high (HLH) than low calorie flanker pictures (LLL). 3) Furthermore, this increased distraction was inversely associated with Perceived Self-Regulatory Success in Dieting (PSRS). Conclusion: These results indicate that REs showed lower resistance to high caloric distractor interference, and along with the weak resistance, the perception of Self-Regulatory Success in Dieting is lower too.