Abstract
We conducted a life cycle assessment for the subway system in Fukuoka City. We estimated the direct and indirect energy requirements necessary for the construction of subway tunnels using the actual design and specification data such as the amount of basic materials, fuels and machines used for construction. We studied three different construction methods: cut and cover, mountain, and shield tunnelling. The estimated per length energy requirements of the tunnels constructed by these three methods are 4, 900 TOE/km, 6, 900TOE/km, and 10, 300TOE/km, respectively. These values are roughly proportional to the per length construction cost of the tunnels. The total energy required for construction is almost 14 times as large as that required annually for the operation and maintenance of trains and stations.
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