深层油气藏开发中的关键力学问题

Abstract

The distribution pattern of oil and gas resources in China shows that as the exploration and development degree of oil and gas reservoirs in shallow and middle layers is relatively high, deep and ultra-deep oil and gas resources , whose identified rate are still very low, are of great significance to reserve growth and production stabilization of China. The main characteristics of deep oil and gas reservoir are high temperature, high pressure and high stress (“three high”), which are also the great problems in the process of exploration and development. At present, the research on deep oil and gas reservoirs is limited to hydrocarbon accumulation dynamics. It is urgent to carry out research on key mechanical problems in the development of deep oil and gas reservoirs. In this paper, deep oil and gas resources and development situation are outlined briefly. Based on the characteristics of high temperature, high pressure and high stress in deep formation, mechanisms of multi-physics field coupled flow dynamics in the exploitation of deep oil and gas are reviewed systematically, and it is concluded that rock mechanics at great depth, elasto-plastic artificial fracture propagation mechanism and fully-coupled thermal-hydro-mechanical processes in porous media are key frontier mechanical problems to be solved in the development of deep oil and gas reservoirs. Research approaches are proposed, which promotes the development of energy, especially has significant impact on the effective exploitation of deep oil and gas reservoirs in China.