不同管理模式对温室土壤螨群落结构的影响

Abstract

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 不同管理模式对温室土壤螨群落结构的影响 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201410101996 作者: 作者单位: 北京市农林科学院植物营养与资源研究所,中国农业大学,北京市农林科学院植物营养与资源研究所,北京市农林科学院植物营养与资源研究所,北京市农林科学院植物营养与资源研究所,北京市农林科学院植物营养与资源研究所,北京市农林科学院植物营养与资源研究所,北京市农林科学院植物营养与资源研究所,北京市农林科学院植物营养与资源研究所,中国农业大学 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 科技部科技支撑项目(2012BAD14B01);农业部行业专项项目(201303089-2);环保公益性行业科研专项项目(2013467036) Effects of different management practices on soil mite community structure under greenhouse conditions Author: Affiliation: Institute of Plant Nutrition and Resources, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,China Agricultural University,Institute of Plant Nutrition and Resources, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Institute of Plant Nutrition and Resources, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Institute of Plant Nutrition and Resources, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Institute of Plant Nutrition and Resources, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Institute of Plant Nutrition and Resources, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Institute of Plant Nutrition and Resources, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Institute of Plant Nutrition and Resources, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,China Agricultural University Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:为了解日光温室内不同农业管理模式对土壤螨群落的影响,以日光温室长期定位试验为研究对象,于2012年8月至2012年12月进行了5次取样,调查了有机(ORG)、无公害(LOW)和常规(CON)管理模式下土壤螨的丰度与群落结构。结果显示:管理模式对螨的丰度、各亚目的比例、菌食性隐气门螨和捕食性螨比例均无显著影响,仅对菌食性非隐气门螨和食线虫螨有显著影响。土壤螨的总数及各营养类群的数量呈现不同程度的时间波动,且波动程度在不同的管理模式下存在差异。粉螨是温室土壤中最为丰富的类群(平均37.8%)。尽管螨的类群数目呈现ORG(26) > LOW(21) > CON(18)的趋势,但香农指数和优势度指数没有显著变化。总之,在高投入、高扰动日光温室环境中,管理模式对土壤螨的数量和群落结构影响均较小。 Abstract:Soil mite distribution is closely associated with various agricultural activities in agroecosystems. The effects of organic (ORG), low-input (LOW), and conventional (CON) management practices on soil mite abundance and community structure under greenhouse conditions were determined by conducting an experiment at the Quzhou Experimental Station of the China Agricultural University (36.5°N, 115.0°E), Hebei Province, China. Soil sampling was performed five times between August and December 2012(an entire cucumber growing season) at two soil depths (0-10 cm and 10-20 cm), and each of the management practices was replicated three times. All mite taxa obtained were divided into four trophic groups:fungivorous cryptostigmatic, fungivorous non-cryptostigmatic, nematophagous, and predaceous mites. Shannon-Wiener (H') and dominance (λ) indices were calculated to evaluate mite diversity. The results revealed that the average mite abundance according to sampling date and depth in the ORG, LOW, and CON management practices was 10368 ind/m2, 11180 ind/m2 and 7918 ind/m2, respectively. In all the three greenhouses, the vertical distribution of soil mites showed surface-aggregation, and the mean abundance of mites in the 0-10 cm soil depth (18707 ind/m2) was 20-fold that in the 10-20 cm depth (937 ind/m2). Statistical analyses indicated that the management practices only significantly impacted the relative abundance of fungivorous non-cryptostigmatic and nematophagous mites, but no significant effect was found on the abundance of soil mites, the relative abundance of various suborders of mites, and the relative abundance of fungivorous cryptostigmatic and predaceous mites. The total mite abundance and the abundance of the various trophic groups fluctuated to different degrees during the sampling period; they also differed among the greenhouses. A strong fluctuation in mite density was found under low-input management practice, with the highest numbers noted in October and September for the 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm soil depths, respectively. The total mite abundance in the organic greenhouse increased gradually over time, and that under conventional management practices exhibited a slight fluctuation, with the highest number observed in November. Fungivorous non-cryptostigmatic mites were dominant in most soils except in the 10-20 cm depth of conventional soils; nematophagous mites were the subdominant trophic group in both organic and low-input soils. Acaridae was the most abundant family (mean=38.7%). Other dominant mite taxa included Laelapidae (13.1%), Parholaspididae (10.4%), Uropodidae (6.4%), and Microdispidae (6.6%). Mite richness decreased in the following order:ORG (26) > LOW (21) > CON (18); however, no significant effect was observed in the H' or λ indices. One-way analysis of variance of H' and λ in the 0-10 cm depth only revealed a significant difference in December, suggesting that H' was significantly higher under LOW than under ORG management practices. In general, the highest H' value was observed in November, and the λ index was the lowest in this month. Thus, under greenhouse conditions in which the soil environments are highly disturbed and receive high inputs, management practices had small effects on both soil mite abundance and community structure. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献