民族冲突的社会心理原因与化解方法

Abstract

民族冲突在很大程度上影响了一个国家的繁荣和稳定，也成为了目前社会心理学研究的热点之一。众多研究者们从不同方面探讨了民族冲突产生的原因，进而提出了现实冲突理论、社会认同理论以及相对剥夺理论。对于民族冲突的化解方法，通过民族间平等的接触，并为了共同的目标进行合作被认为是最有效的方法之一。除此之外，利用共同内群体认同模型、双重认同模型和交叉类别分类的原理，扩展民族身份认同的范围，也是一种能有效化解民族冲突的方法。这些方法为我国促进民族关系的和谐提供了借鉴。 Ethnic conflict endangers a nation’s prosperity and stability to a great extent; it also became one of the hot topics in the study of social psychology. Many researchers explored the causes of ethnic conflict from different aspects and put forward three theories: realistic group conflict theory, social identity theory and relative deprivation theory. Referring to the methods to reduce or resolve ethnic conflict, interethnic contact which is based on equal status, common goals and interethnic cooperation is considered to be one of the effective ways. In addition, according to common ingroup identity model, dual identity model and cross categorization classification, extending the scope of ethnic identity can also resolve ethnic conflict. These methods are used for reference for our country to promote ethnic relations harmoniously.