牧民对草地生态补偿政策的满意度实证研究

Abstract

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 牧民对草地生态补偿政策的满意度实证研究 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201606031073 作者: 作者单位: 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家社会科学基金面上项目（14BJY024） Satisfaction with grassland eco-compensation policies for herders:an empirical study on the Gansu Pastoral Area Author: Affiliation: Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:实施草地生态补偿政策是恢复退化草地、建设生态安全屏障、提高牧民生活水平，促进牧区社会经济发展的重要手段。研究牧民对草地生态补偿政策的满意度及其影响因素，对完善我国草地生态补偿政策，提高补偿绩效具有重要意义。选取甘肃牧区中甘南、肃南和天祝三地500户牧民作为样本数据，结合问卷调查与深度访谈，构建有序Logit模型，从牧民一般社会经济特征、对其居住与放牧地区生态环境评估，以及对生活满意度评估三方面入手研究了牧民对草地生态补偿政策实施的满意度及其影响因素。结果表明，影响牧民对补偿政策满意度的显著因素包括牧民受教育水平、牲畜养殖数量与体重变化情况、补偿金额、牧民对环境与经济重要性的评估，以及对社会福利满意度的主观评价。从政策角度看，提高牧民受教育水平，改变牧民传统放牧观念；改善贫困牧民生活水平，提高牧民社会福利；优化补偿方式，构建补偿政策监管体系，有利于草地生态补偿政策的进一步完善与有效实施。 Abstract:The grassland ecological compensation policy is an important measure to restore degraded grasslands, build an ecological security barrier, improve living standards of herders, as well as promote social and economic development. The pastoral grassland ecological compensation policy was implemented in 2011 in China. Research on herders' satisfaction with the policy and its influencing factors is helpful to the improvement of the policy, and thus promotes the performance of compensation in China. Five hundred herders were selected from Gannan, Sunan, and Tianzhu counties in Gansu Province. Using a combination of questionnaires and in-depth interviews, employing an ordered logit model, this study analyzed herders' satisfaction with the grassland eco-compensation policy and investigated the impact factors on herders' satisfaction from the perspective of their socio-economic characteristics, and attitude towards living conditions and social welfare, as well as their assessment of the relative importance of the grazing environment and economic benefits. The descriptive statistical results revealed large differences in the grassland eco-compensation subsidy and family income among the three counties. Sixty percent of the herders supported the opinion that economic benefits and environmental protection were of equal importance. Over one-third of the herders were unsatisfied with pro-poor policies and the minimum subsistence policy. The percentage of the grassland ecological subsidy income to the total family income of herders has exceeded 25%. The ordered logit regression results demonstrated that the factors affecting herders' satisfaction with the grassland ecological compensation policy involved the herder's years of academic education, number of livestock raised, changes in the weight of livestock, amount of subsidy obtained from the government, attitude towards the relative importance of grassland environment and economic benefits, as well as the evaluation of social welfare. Specifically, herders' educational background and the number of livestock negatively affected their degree of satisfaction with the grassland eco-compensation policy. However, the amount of subsidy and the changes in the weight of livestock had statistical and positive relationships with the degree of herders' satisfaction with the policy. Moreover, the higher the satisfaction with social welfare, the more satisfaction herders had for the eco-compensation policy. From a policy perspective, measures of enhancing the educational level of herders to change their traditional grazing concepts, improving poor herdsmen's living standards to better the social welfare of pastoralists, optimizing the grassland eco-compensation policy, and constructing a monitoring system for the policy, could be useful for further improvement of the grassland eco-compensation policy and thus aid in its effective implementation. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献