植物功能性状与森林生态系统服务的关系研究综述

Abstract

植物功能性状途径是揭示生物多样性与生态系统服务关系的重要视角，尽管植物功能性状与生态系统服务的关系在单一地点的研究取得突出进展，但对于植物功能性状与生态系统服务的关系仍缺乏整体认识。以森林生态系统为对象，通过系统文献检索及筛选，收集了216篇文献，应用整合分析和二分网络分析等方法，探讨了植物功能性状对森林生态系统服务及其权衡与协同关系的影响。结果表明：植物叶片功能性状关注最多，占研究性状数量的48%，生态系统服务中关注最多是生物量、土壤肥力、病虫害控制和固碳服务；81.1%的植物功能性状与生态系统服务关系组表现为稳定的正向或负向关系，而关联植物功能性状多的生态系统服务（生物量、固碳服务、土壤水分、土壤肥力和病虫害控制）往往与植物功能性状表现为不稳定关系；森林生态系统中存在6组"植物功能性状-生态系统服务簇（简称"性状-服务簇"）：水循环相关的性状-服务簇、土壤保持相关的性状-服务簇、物质生产相关的性状-服务簇、灾害控制相关的性状-服务簇、养分循环相关的性状-服务簇和授粉相关的性状-服务簇，揭示了各性状-服务簇内生态系统服务的权衡或协同关系以及与各性状-服务簇关系密切的植物功能性状。该研究从总体上阐明了植物功能性状与森林生态系统服务关系的研究重点和进展、揭示了植物功能性状对森林生态系统服务影响效应的方向和强度，可为深化森林生态系统服务形成机制认识以及协调生态系统服务权衡关系提供科学依据。;Plant functional traits provide an effective way to investigate the complex relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem services. Many empirical studies have revealed the importance of plant functional traits for ecosystem service delivery, but there is still a lack of general understanding of the relationship between plant functional traits and ecosystem services. Here a systematic analysis was performed to investigate the effects of plant functional traits on forest ecosystem services and their trade-off/synergy relationships based on 216 references by using meta-analysis and bipartite network analysis. Among plant functional traits, leaf functional traits are the most concerned, accounting for 48.0% of the studied plant functional traits. Biomass, soil fertility, biocontrol, and carbon sequestration are the most in-depth studies in ecosystem services. About 81.8% of plant functional traits have stable relationships (positive or negative) with forest ecosystem services, and the unstable relationship is mainly concentrated in the ecosystem services associated with multiple plant functional traits, such as biomass, carbon sequestration, soil water content, soil fertility, and herbivory and biocontrol. In forest ecosystem, six trait-service clusters are determined, namely, water-cycle-related cluster, soil-conservation-related cluster, material-production-related cluster, disaster-control-related cluster, nutrient-cycle-related cluster, and pollination-related cluster, which reveal the relationships of trade-offs or synergies among forest ecosystem services. The key plant functional traits influencing these trait-service clusters were also identified. This study generally clarifies the research of the relationships between plant functional traits and forest ecosystem services, and reveals the influence direction and intensity of plant functional traits on forest ecosystems. The results can provide a scientific basis for understanding the formation mechanism of forest ecosystem services and coordinating the trade-off relationships of forest ecosystem services.