塔里木河胡杨林的自然演替与恢复发展措施

Abstract

胡杨林是干旱荒漠地区唯一的森林树种，塔里木河两岸的胡杨林是世界上面积最大的荒漠森林，对于调节新疆气候，防治沙尘暴，保护农牧业生产，绿化荒漠起了非常重要的作用，是荒漠地区宝贵的树种资源。过去由于自然的和历史的原因，胡杨林曾遭到了很大的破坏，使脆弱的荒漠生态恶化。弄清楚天然胡杨林的演替规律，来保护和恢复天然林，并模拟演替规律来发展人工林，使其在我国北方广大干旱区的农田防护林体系建设中发挥重要作用，对于搞好社会主义生态文明建设具有非常重要的意义。 Known as the sole forest species in arid-desert area, Populus euphratica forest on both banks of the Tarim River, the widest distribution of that in desert zone on the earth, plays a vital role in regulating Xinjiang’s climate, preventing sand storm disasters, safeguarding agricultural and animal husbandry production and re-greening desert, and hence a invaluable tree species resource in desert area. Previously, due to both natural and historical reasons, Populus euphratica forest was destroyed largely, resulting in the deterioration of fragile deserts ecosystem. Therefore, to find out the succession rule of natural Populus euphratica forest to safeguard and recover natural forest, and simulate such rule to develop man-made forest, has profound significance for the construction of farmland protection forest system in arid areas in North China and the socialism construction of ecological civilization as well.