长白山阔叶红松林中影响乔木幼苗存活的关键因素分析

Abstract

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 长白山阔叶红松林中影响乔木幼苗存活的关键因素 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201403040371 作者: 作者单位: 北京林业大学,北京林业大学 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家"十二五"科技支撑课题(2012BAD22B0203, 2012BAC01B03);北京市共建项目专项(天然林生物多样性保护技术与杨树抗逆机理研究2012) Effects of biotic and abiotic factors on tree seedling survival in a broad-leaved Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis) mixed forest on Changbai Mountain Author: Affiliation: Beijing Forestry University,Beijing Forestry University Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:应用广义线性混合模型,对长白山阔叶红松林中影响幼苗存活的生物因素和非生物因素进行分析。结果表明:(1)在群落水平上,幼苗存活率和生物因素中同种幼苗邻居显著负相关,说明在阔叶红松林群落中存在负密度制约效应。(2)生物因子和非生物因子对不同年龄阶段的幼苗存活率影响不同。对于1年生的幼苗,幼苗存活率与异种大树邻居呈显著负相关,与同种大树邻居呈显著正相关;对于2-3年生的幼苗,其存活率和同种幼苗邻居、同种大树邻居均呈显著负相关,和非生物因子相关不显著;对于4年生以上的幼苗,其存活率和土壤主成分分析的PC1(低的有机质、速效钾、速效氮等比较贫瘠的土壤)显著负相关。(3)种子的传播方式不同,幼苗存活率的影响因子也不同。对于风传播的物种,存活率与同种幼苗邻居密度显著正相关。对于重力传播的物种,幼苗存活率与土壤PC3(高的全氮和速效氮,含氮较高的土壤)、异种大树邻居、草本密度呈负相关,与林冠开阔度和草本盖度成正相关。(4)对于不同的物种,影响幼苗存活的因素也不同。紫椴的幼苗存活率与土壤PC3、异种大树邻居、草本密度呈显著负相关,与土壤主成分PC2(高的有机质和全氮等养分比较好的土壤)呈显著正相关。 Abstract:Seedling recruitment plays a key role in determining species composition and diversity. Exploring patterns of seedling dynamics can therefore provide crucial insights into the mechanisms that affect seedling recruitment. The broad-leaved Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis) mixed forest is a temperate forest typical of northeast China. In 2007, we established a 1 hm2 plot in a broad-leaved Korean pine mixed forest on Changbai Mountain, northeast China. We identified, tagged, and mapped each tree with diameter at breast height ≥ 1 cm. At the same time, we set up 100 seedling quadrats of 1m×1m which were censused every July. In total, we collected data on 1288 adult trees and 965 seedlings in the 1 hm2 plot between 2012 and 2013, and examined the importance of biotic and abiotic factors on seedling survival using a generalized mixed linear model. Biotic factors included presence of conspecific seedling neighbors and heterospecific seedling neighbors, presence of conspecific adult neighbors and heterospecific adult neighbors, and herb density and herb cover. Abiotic factors included soil organic matter, available soil phosphorus, available soil potassium, available soil nitrogen, total soil nitrogen, and canopy openness. Conspecific neighbors had a significant negative effect on seedling survival at the community level, indicating significant negative density-dependence effects. The effects of biotic and abiotic factors on seedlings differed with seedling age. Conspecific adult neighbors and canopy openness had significant positive effects on survival of, 1-year seedlings while heterospecific adult neighbors had a significant negative effect. In contrast, for 2- to 3-year-old seedlings, conspecific seedling neighbors and conspecific adult neighbors showed a significant negative effect on seedling survival, but abiotic factors had no significant effect. Moreover, for ≥ 4-year-old seedlings, soil PC axis 1 (associated with low organic matter available K, available N, and total N) showed a significant negative effect on survival. Factors that drove seedling survival varied with species dispersal-mode. For wind-dispersed species, conspecific seedling neighbors had a significant positive effect on seedling survival. For gravity-dispersed species, soil PC axis 3 (associated with high available N and total N, heterospecific adult neighbors, and herb density) had a significant negative effect on survival, whereas canopy openness showed a significant positive effect. The effects of biotic neighbors and habitat differed among species. For instance, soil PC axis 3, heterospecific adult neighbors, and herb density had significant negative effects on seedling survival of Tilia amurensis, while soil PC axis 2 (associated with high organic matter and total N) showed a significant positive effect. Finally, herbs might influence seedling survival. Both herb density and herb cover impacted seedling survival by modifying local habitat. However, there was no significant effect of herbs on survival due to limited data. We conclude that both local biotic and abiotic factors play important roles in determining seedling recruitment in this temperate forest. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献