Abstract
为探明秸秆还田后小麦玉米轮作系统中土壤微生物量及土壤酶活性的变化情况，利用田间长期定位试验，研究了秸秆还田对小麦-玉米轮作体系中土壤微生物数量及土壤酶活性的影响。结果表明：秸秆还田可以增加土壤中细菌、真菌及放线菌数量。50%秸秆还田、100%秸秆还田、150%秸秆还田处理的细菌、真菌、放线菌增幅分别为2.2 × 108~3.1 × 108、0.5 × 106~3.5 × 106、1.3 × 107~1.9 × 107个/g。秸秆还田能增加土壤酶活性，土壤脱氢酶、脲酶、酸性磷酸酶活性分别增加3.82%~12.98%、36.0%~80.0%、12.99%~37.80%。但过量秸秆还田不利于农田微生物，以不超过100%全量还田为宜。 In order to inspect effects of returned-straw on soil microorganism amount and soil enzyme activity, we investigated these soil biological indexes by field long-term located experiment. The results showed that returned-straw could increase amount of soil bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes respectively by 2.2 × 108 - 3.1 × 108/g, 0.5 × 106 - 3.5 × 106/g, 1.3 × 107 - 1.9 × 107/g. And it could increase the activity of soil dehydrogenase, soil urease, soil acid phosphatase respectively by 3.82% - 12.98%, 36.0% - 80.0%, 12.99% - 37.80%. But excessive returned-straw amount was not benefit for farmland productivity, and the best returned-straw amount was no more than 100%.
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