基于个体差异的大样本脑影像数据在心理学研究中的应用

Abstract

Psychological research frequently uses cognitive neuroscience technologies to reveal the brain mechanisms underlying the psychological structure of personality, cognition, and emotion. However, previous research has often been constrained by small samples and other features of the experimental design and data analysis. Additionally, individual differences in behavioral responses and cognitive or emotional processing have often been considered confounding factors or random error, so they are usually controlled in data analysis. Human activity is the result of interactions between genes, environment, and the brain. Therefore, the investigation of environmental factors and individual life experiences, the collection of large samples of behavior, and the use of multimodal brain imaging data measuring cognition, emotion, and personality can help to address several questions from an individual differences perspective: (1) the neural basis of personality; (2) the brain mechanisms of emotion; (3) the brain mechanisms of cognition; (4) the construction of a model to predict interactions between the environment, personality, the brain, and behavior. This article summarizes recent domestic and international studies on the relationship between brain imaging and behavior within a large sample, and it is a good way to understand the neural basis of behavior, personality, emotions, and cognitive ability from the perspective of individual differences.