Abstract
The p- to o-ratio of nitrotoluenes formed by nitration of toluene in the presence of porous materials, such as Japanese acid clay, silica gel, active carbon, molecular sieves or diatom earth, was compared with that obtained by the usual nitration with mixed acid. In general, p/o increased more or less by adding the porous materials and showed tendency to increase when the proportion of nitric acid to the porous materials was decreased. Moreover, in the nitration of toluene adsorbed on the porous materials, the maximum p/o of 1.56 (with silica gel) was obtained, while the p/o by the usual nitration was 0.71. A part of such effect may be attributed to the steric-hindrance against o-substitution at fine porous spaces on the materials.
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