国鉄某局における業務外傷病休業の一様相について

Abstract

Worker employed in the Japan National Railways (JNR) are uniform as to their social backgrounds, although they are distributed all over Japan. I investigated into the status of sickness absenteeism in Shizuoka Jurisdictional District and in its neighboring districts in order to find out any feature specific to the district covered by Shizuoka Administrative Bureau. Used data are those on non-occupational injuries and diseases lasting over six consecutive days of absence. And other data are those on deaths from non-occupational causes and data on the sickness allowance of the JNR Co-operative Society. The results are as follows. 1. Cases of sickness allowance per person, i.e. the rate of being medically treated (RMT), versus percentage of the cases of absence over six consecutive days due to injuries or diseases or both (SA6) occupying in all the cases of medical treatment. And, RMT versus the ratio of SA6 per 1, 00Q workers in the same period, i.e. rate of incidence. Inverse correlations which are statistically significant were found in both of these sets of cases. 2. Between days of absence per case in SA6 and rate of incidence a statistically significant inverse correlation was found as well. 3. From the above results, I can indicate the following trends: Lower (or higher) RMT⇾higher (or lower) rate of incidence, and higher (or lower) rate of in cidence⇾shorter (or longer) days of absence per case. 4. The facts that markedly low RMT, markedly high rate of incidence, and short days of absence were found in the district of Shizuoka Bureau can be understood as general but conspicuously exaggerated in that district, being noticeable as a steady annual change which may be said as specific to the district. 5. Sick-absenteeism in the district of Shizuoka Bureau is very much similar to that of Tokyo Bureau, but it is different from that of Nagoya Bureau. 6. From these results, presence of big social factors prevailing in the district is inferable apart from laboring conditions including working environments. From the above conclusions I should like to stress the necessity of following-up of health conditions and factors related to them, which are acting especially on the non-occupational ailments apart from specifically acting labor conditions.