辽宁碱蓬根际土壤真菌多样性的季节变化及其耐盐性

Abstract

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 辽宁碱蓬根际土壤真菌多样性的季节变化及其耐盐性 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201406161253 作者: 作者单位: 辽宁师范大学生命科学学院,辽宁师范大学 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: S154.3 基金项目: 辽宁省教育厅项目(2008S135) Effect of season and variation in salinity on the rhizosphere fungal diversity of Suaeda liaotungensis Author: Affiliation: Life science college of Liaoning normal university,Life science college of Liaoning normal university Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:采用稀释平板法和形态学鉴定法进行了辽宁碱蓬(Suaeda liaotungensis)根际土壤真菌的分离鉴定及季节、盐度对真菌多样性的影响分析。结果表明:春、夏、秋、冬四季辽宁碱蓬根际土壤中的真菌菌落数分别为6410、4180、5730和3340,种类分别为6属13种、9属16种、11属31种、6属12种,共分离鉴定出13 属42 种真菌;其根际土壤真菌的多样性指数、丰富度指数和均匀度指数,从大到小的次序均为秋>夏>春>冬,3种指数均在秋季达到峰值;多样性指数和丰富度指数差异较大,均匀度指数波动较小,春季和冬季的均匀度指数相近。辽宁碱蓬根际土壤真菌种类明显多于无植被土壤,是无植被土壤的7倍,多样性指数和均匀度指数分别是无植被土壤的4-8倍和1-1.2倍;其根际土壤真菌优势种群包括青霉属(Penicillium)、葡萄穗霉属(Stachybotrys)、枝孢属(Cladosporium)、木霉属(Trichoderma)、 曲霉属(Aspergillus)和镰孢属(Fusarium);4个季节的优势菌不尽相同,但均有一个共同的优势菌属青霉属。以NaCl浓度梯度法制造盐胁迫生境,检测辽宁碱蓬根际土壤真菌对盐胁迫的响应,结果表明:60%左右的菌种能耐受5%以下盐度、15%左右的菌种能耐10%-20%盐度;筛选出了6株高度耐盐菌:细交链孢霉、草酸青霉、产黄青霉、烟曲霉、细极链格孢和赭曲霉,其中最高耐盐菌种赭曲霉可耐20%盐度。创新之处在于以盐度和季节为变量检测辽宁碱蓬根际土壤真菌的种群构成,为其深入研究奠定了理论基础。 Abstract:Liaoning Province is one of the major habitats of Suaeda liaotungensis in China, but little is known about the population structure and distribution characteristics of the fungal species in the rhizosphere soil of this species. In present study, the fungal species from rhizosphere soil of Suaeda liaotungensis was isolated and identified using soil dilution-plate and traditional morphological methods. The effects of variations in season and salinity on the fungal diversity in the rhizosphere soil were analyzed. The experimental results showed that 6410, 4180, 5730, and 3340 fungal colonies developed from rhizosphere soil in spring, summer, autumn and winter, respectively. These were classified into 6 genera and 13 species for spring, 9 genera and 16 species for summer, 11 genera and 31 species for autumn, and 6 genera and 12 species for winter. Thirteen genera and 42 fungal species were isolated from Suaeda liaotungensis rhizosphere soil and identified, among which Penicillium, Stachybotrys, Cladosporium, Trichoderma, Aspergillus and Fusarium were the dominant genera. The fungal population structure and composition in Suaeda liaotungensis rhizosphere soil differed between seasons. The magnitude of the Shannon diversity index, richness index, and evenness index of rhizosphere fungi for different seasons, occurred in the following order: autumn > summer > spring > winter. The Shannon diversity index, richness index, and evenness index were the highest in autumn. The richness of fungal species in the rhizosphere soil of Suaeda liaotungensis was nearly seven times that in non-vegetated soil. The Shannon diversity index and evenness index of rhizosphere fungi were 4-8 and 1-1.2 times, respectively, as high as those for non-vegetated soil. Experimental salt-stress habitats were constructed using a NaCl concentration gradient method for affecting the diversity of fungal species in the rhizosphere soil of Suaeda liaotungensis. The result showed that about 60% of fungi could tolerate media with less than 5% NaCl, and nearly 15% were able to grow in media with higher than 10% NaCl. Aspergillus fumigatus and Alternaria tenuissima were tolerant to 16% NaCl or higher. Aspergillus ochraceus, the most salt-tolerant fungus, was tolerant to 20% NaCl. Our results demonstrated that factors such as climate and living environment evidently affected the fungal diversity and similarity in the rhizosphere soil of Suaeda liaotungensis. The innovation of this paper is to study the effect of change in season and salinity on the fungal diversity from rhizosphere soil of Suaeda liaotungensis. Thus, it has significance for further study of Suaeda rhizome fungal diversity. Therefore, the aims of the study were to analyze the fungal diversity in rhizosphere soil of Suaeda liaotungensis in different seasons, to analyze the influence of salinity on the rhizome fungal diversity, to collect potentially economic fungal resources, and to understand the protective effects of Suaeda liaotungensis on soil fungi. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献