北黄海獐子岛养殖海域营养水平与虾夷扇贝增殖渔获量评估

Abstract

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 北黄海獐子岛养殖海域营养水平与虾夷扇贝增殖渔获量评估 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201304220767 作者: 作者单位: 中国科学院海洋研究所海洋生态与环境科学重点实验室,中国科学院海洋研究所海洋生态与环境科学重点实验室,中国科学院海洋研究所海洋生态与环境科学重点实验室,中国科学院海洋研究所海洋生态与环境科学重点实验室,中国科学院海洋研究所海洋生态与环境科学重点实验室,中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金创新研究群体科学基金(41121064);国家重点基础研究发展计划973项目课题(2011CB403602) Estimation of nutrient level and fishery yield of Patinopecten yessoensis in mariculture area near the Zhangzidao Island of the north Yellow Sea Author: Affiliation: Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences,Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences,Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences,Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:营养盐作为浮游植物生长的物质基础,对海洋生态系统的物质循环起着决定性作用。调查研究了獐子岛附近海域营养盐含量水平、空间分布及营养盐结构,并据此估算了现有营养水平可支持的潜在生物量,评估了该海域虾夷扇贝增殖渔获量。结果表明,獐子岛附近海域海水总体营养水平较低,底层水中的营养盐浓度是表层水的2-3倍,海水中的营养盐浓度基本高于浮游植物生长的最低阈值,且溶解无机氮与磷酸盐的比值(DIN/PO4-P)和硅酸盐与磷酸盐的比值(SiO3-Si/PO4-P)均 > 22,全海域为磷营养限制。根据磷限制因子及食物链能流转移理论估算,该海域1000 km2现有的营养水平可支持一个生长周期内虾夷扇贝增殖的动态理论生产量为3.8-6.1万t,如人为增加5%-20%的水体磷,则虾夷扇贝增殖产量可增加0.25-1.00万t。 Abstract:Nutrients as the material basis for phytoplankton growth, play a decisive role in energy flow and matter cycling in marine ecological systems. In this study, the concentrations, spatial distributions and nutrient structure in seawaters near the Zhangzidao Island were studied. Besides, the potential biomass and fishery yield of Patinopecten yessoensis which could be supported by the current nutrient level also were estimated. Results suggested that the concentrations of phosphate (PO4-P), dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) and silicate (SiO3-Si) were in the ranges of 0-0.67, 0.77-9.91 and 1.62-18.77 μmol/L, with averages of 0.19, 4.50 and 7.00 μmol/L, respectively. Among them, DIN was mainly dominated by nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N) with concentrations of 0.04-6.82 μmol/L (average of 2.12 μmol/L), followed by ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N) with concentrations of 0.40-6.07 μmol/L (average of 1.95 μmol/L), and nitrite nitrogen (NO2-N) was lowest with concentrations of 0.05-2.10 μmol/L (average of 0.42 μmol/L). Nutrients in the surface waters displayed a decreasing trend from coastal water to the middle area. This distribution was attributed to the riverine inputs (e.g., the Yalu River), which carried a certain amount of nutrients to the north Yellow Sea (NYS). In contrast, nutrients in the bottom waters presented higher values at the middle area and were 2-3 times higher than those in the surface waters. These distribution models were mainly influenced by the Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass (YSCWM), biological activities and Yellow Sea Warm Current (YSWC). In summer, due to the weak vertical mixing, a stable cold water mass having a large number of organic particles entrenched at the bottom layer in the central part of the NYS. By September, organic particles began to decompose, accompanied by the nutrient release to the bottom waters. These released nutrients were difficult to diffuse to the upper layers due to strong thermocline and pycnocline. Consequently, the nutrient values in the bottom waters at the central part of the NYS were higher. Besides the above reasons, biological activities were also an important factor causing the higher nutrient concentrations in the bottom waters than that in the surface waters. Phytoplankton activities in the euphotic layer were frequent and needed to absorb a lot of nutrients to sustain growth and reproduction, resulting in the loss of nutrients in the surface waters. Moreover, the YSWC could carry waters with high temperature and low nutrients to the surface waters of the NYS, diluting the nutrient concentrations in the surface waters. Therefore, the nutrient concentrations in the surface waters were lower than that in the bottom waters. In addition, nutrient concentrations in waters of the study area were higher than the minimum threshold values for the phytoplankton growth, and DIN/PO4-P ratio (averages of 28.90) and SiO3-Si/PO4-P ratio (averages of 47.27) were > 22, suggesting that PO4-P was the limiting factor. Based on the current PO4-P concentration and energy flow theory of food chain, the potential enhancement field of Patinopecten yessoensis at a growth cycle in 1000 km2 sea area was estimated to be 3.8-6.1×104 t. If 5%-20% of PO4-P was added in this area, the yield of Patinopecten yessoensis would increase 0.25-1.00×104 t. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献