贡嘎山东坡典型植被类型土壤动物群落特征

Abstract

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 贡嘎山东坡典型植被类型土壤动物群落特征 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201305311258 作者: 作者单位: 西南民族大学,西南民族大学,西南民族大学 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD13B06, 2011BAK12B004); 国家自然科学基金项目(41371270, 40801092); 四川省青年基金项目(2012JQ0030); 四川省教育厅创新团队项目(14TD0049) Vertical distributions of soil fauna communities on the eastern slope of Gongga Mountain Author: Affiliation: Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Research,Southwest University for Nationalities,Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Research,Southwest University for Nationalities,Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Research,Southwest University for Nationalities Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:为了掌握贡嘎山垂直植被带间土壤动物群落结构及多样性,2012 年5 月至10 月间对贡嘎山东坡的常绿阔叶林、落叶阔叶林、针阔混交林和暗针叶林4 种典型植被土壤动物群落进行了调查。共捕获土壤动物347 只,隶属于10 纲29 目68 类,其中山蛩属(Spirobolus)为优势类群。土壤动物的群落密度、生物量以及多样性呈常绿阔叶林>落叶阔叶林 > 针阔混交林 > 暗针叶林趋势,其中密度、类群丰富度和Shannon-Wiener指数的变化具有显著差异(P < 0.05);落叶阔叶林和针阔混交林间的土壤动物群落结构差异明显,其他植被类型间的差异性受季节影响。从各功能群结构来看,腐食性和杂食性土壤动物占主要地位;各功能群的生物量均以常绿阔叶林和落叶阔叶林较高,针阔混交林和暗针叶林较低,而相对生物量的变化趋势各不相同,仅有腐食性功能群的生物量及植食性功能群的相对生物量在各垂直植被带间有显著差异(P < 0.05)。群落密度、生物量、类群丰富度、Shannon-Wiener指数以及腐食性和捕食性功能群的生物量与土壤温度呈显著相关(P < 0.05)。研究结果表明:贡嘎山东坡土壤动物的群落组成、多样性及功能群结构在各典型植被类型间有明显差异,土壤温度是影响土壤动物垂直分布格局的主要环境因子。 Abstract:Gongga Mountain, the third highest mountain in China with an altitude up to 7556 m, is located in the middle of Hengduan Mountains. In general, annual temperature is around 4 ℃ and annual precipitation is around 1900 mm in this region. Moreover, with every 100 m increasing in altitude, temperature decreases about 0.67 ℃ and precipitation increases about 68 mm. The changes in temperature, precipitation and other environmental factors, with elevation might have shaped the varied vegetation types at different altitudes in Gongga Mountain. Temperature and precipitation are also usually considered as the determinant environmental factors for the diversity and abundance of soil fauna. At present, few studies on such vertical distributions of soil fauna were reported, especially in China. Therefore, this study aimed to: (1) examine whether soil fauna communities shift along the elevation gradient in the Gongga Mountain; if occur, (2) whether the shift(s) is (are) due to the changes in temperature and/or precipitation along the elevation gradient. In this study, four vegetation types, including evergreen broadleaved forest (EBF, at an altitude of 1930 m), deciduous broadleaved forest (DBF, 2343 m), coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest (CBF, 2780 m) and dark coniferous forest (DCF, 3160 m), were selected along the altitude gradient on the eastern slope of Gongga Mountain. Soil fauna in these forests were investigated in spring (May), summer (July) and autumn (October) in 2012. In total, 347 individuals of soil fauna, belonging to 10 classes, 29 orders and 68 phyla, were collected. Averaged density of soil fauna community was 19.28 ind./m2 in the study forests, with Spirobolus as the dominant genus (24.21% of the total individuals) and detritivore and omnivore fauna as the major functional groups (64.26% and 16.28% of the total community biomass, respectively). Both the abundance and diversity of soil fauna showed a trend of decrease with increasing altitude, with significant differences in the density, richness and Shannon-Wiener index of the soil fauna community. The biomass of detritivore and omnivore fauna also revealed a trend of decrease with increasing altitude, with significant difference in the biomass of detritivore fauna. The abundance and diversity of soil fauna differed significantly between the DBF and the CBF throughout the three sampling times. Pearson correlation analysis showed that soil temperature was significantly and positively correlated with the Shannon-Wiener index, richness, biomass and density of the soil fauna communities, and the same results were also founded to the biomass of herbivore and omnivore fauna. In contrast, soil moisture was not significantly correlated to any selected parameter of soil fauna. Based on these results, we concluded that soil fauna community significantly shifted along the altitude gradient on the eastern slope of Gongga Mountain and the shifts were mainly resulted from the change in soil temperature with elevation. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献