温度对稻纵卷叶螟再迁飞能力的影响

Abstract

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 温度对稻纵卷叶螟再迁飞能力的影响 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201409181849 作者: 作者单位: 南京农业大学植物保护学院昆虫学系,南京农业大学植物保护学院昆虫学系 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 农业公益性行业科研专项资助项目(200903051); 国家水稻产业技术体系项目(nycytx-01) Influence of temperature on the re-emigratory flight performance of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Guenée) (Lepidoptera:Pyralidae) Author: Affiliation: Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Insect Pests,Ministry of Education,Ministry of Agriculture of China,Nanjing Agricultural University,Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Insect Pests,Ministry of Education,Ministry of Agriculture of China,Nanjing Agricultural University Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:利用计算机控制的飞行磨系统测定了温度对稻纵卷叶螟飞行以及再迁飞能力的影响。结果表明,在未交配条件下,20-29℃范围内成虫均能进行正常的飞行活动,且雌、雄个体的飞行能力没有显著差异。26℃条件下成虫的飞行时间最长、飞行速度最快、飞行距离最远,种群的再迁飞比例最高,再迁飞次数最多(平均2.42次,最多5次);其它3个温度下大多数个体仅能完成一次连续飞行,无法进行再次飞行。虽然20、23℃和29℃下成虫的平均再迁飞次数(分别为0.53、0.81和0.75次)、再迁飞比例没有显著差异,但对飞行行为产生不同的影响。低温显著降低了成虫的飞行速度;而高温下成虫飞行后的死亡率大大增加,表现为29℃下个体的存活率明显低于其它温度。 Abstract:The rice leaf roller Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Guenée) is one of the most serious pests ofrice production in Asia.The speciesis a high-altitude nocturnal windborne migrant. The mothsmigrateannually from southern to northern China in spring and summer, and then return to southern China in the fall. The migration involves a series of nighttime flights rather than one continuous flight. Mothsusually land at dawn and take-off againthe following evening. Our previous studyreported their considerablecapacity to re-emigrate. However, the response of re-emigrating moths to ambient temperaturesremains unclear. The flight and re-emigration performance of C. medinalis in relation to temperature and their sex were examined in this studyby tethered flight with computer-based flight mills at different temperatures (20-29℃) in 2-d-old virgin females and males when take-off behavior occurred for the first time.The selection and adaptability of the flight process to temperature can help reveal the dynamic distribution and flight behavioral mechanisms of aerial migratory insects. The results showed that ambient temperature significantly influenced the re-emigratory flight performance of C. medinalis, although flight activities were normal between 20℃ and 29℃.Not all the measured flight parameters were significantly different between females and males at the same temperatures. The longest flight duration, fastest flight speed, greatest flight distance, and highest take-off proportion and re-emigration times were recorded at 26℃. Adults could fly for 3.42 successive nights on average, andthe maximum flight duration of six nights was observed at 26℃. However, most individuals could only complete a continuous flight for one night and could not take off for the second night at theother three temperatures. Although the re-emigration performance at 20℃ or 23℃ was similar to that at 29℃, different effects on the flight behavior were observed. The flight velocity was greatly reduced at low temperatures, which shortened the total flight distance. The mortality rate of moths after successive passive flights was significantly higher at 29℃ than at the other temperatures, thereby showing that high temperatures had a greater influence on the survival rate of moths engaging in long-duration flights than low temperatures. Active selection behavior for optimal flight temperature (i.e. the flight altitude) was exhibited by the airborne migrants to avoid or reduce unnecessary energy costsduring migration wheneverpossible. We suggest that re-emigration flight can be momentarily terminated if the environmental temperature is significantly lower than the optimal flight temperature for C. medinalis. Airborne migrants may choose the most optimal flight altitudefor different migration seasons, according to the weather system on a small or moderate scale. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献