Abstract
In oriental traditional medicine, the most important idea is to understand “sho (Symptoms and cofirmation). ” The sho of each patient can be obtained by arranging all the subjective and objective symptoms and by evaluations of the “negative and positive stages, ” the “deficient and excessive states, ” and the “mental strength, blood circulation and water metabolism. ”The selection of kampo prescriptions according to sho in the field of broncho-esophagology are described here. 1) Halitosis : For excessive state patients, Saiko-ka-ryukotsu-borei-to or Hange-shashin-to is used. For deficient state patients, Kami-shoyo-san or Rikkunshi-to is used. 2) Thirst and dry sensations: Thirst is a symptom of stagnant water patients and patients desiring much water. Byakko-ka-ninjin-to or Gorei-san is used for excessive state patients. For deficient state patients, Hachimi-jio-gan is used. Dry sensation is caused by insufficiency of saliva secretion and Juzen-taiho-to or Bakumondo-to is prescribed. 3) Pharyngo-laryngeal pain : In cases of acute or chronic pharyngo-laryngitis, Kanzo-to, Kikyo-to and/or Shosaiko-to ka-kikyo-sekko are used. 4) Neurosis of the pharyngolarynx and the esophagus : Hange-koboku-to, Saiko-ka-ryukotsu-borei-to and/or Kami-shoyo-san are used. 5) Cough : For excessive state patients, Makyo-kanseki-to and/or Shosaiko-to are used. For deficient state patients, Bakumondo-to is used. 6) Sputum : When sputum volume is heavy and watery, Sho-seiryu-to is indicated. For patients with gastric atony, Ryo-kan-kyo-mi-shin-ge-nin-to excluding Mao is used. When sputum excretion is difficult, Makyo-kanseki-to and/or Sho-saiko-to are used. 7) Heart-burn, belching and distension : These symptoms are seen in cases of esophagitis and reflux esophagitis. If epigastric resistance is seen, Hange-shashin-to is indicated. If gastric stagnant water is heard, Rikkunshi-to or Bukuryo-in is selected. 8) Hiccups : This is myoclonus of the diaphragm muscle. Kippi-chikujo-to, Shitei-to or Goshuyu-to is generally prescribed.
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