荒漠区垂直河岸带植物多样性格局及其成因

Abstract

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 荒漠区垂直河岸带植物多样性格局及其成因 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201401160128 作者: 作者单位: 新疆大学资源与环境科学学院,新疆大学资源与环境科学学院,新疆大学资源与环境科学学院,新疆大学资源与环境科学学院,新疆大学资源与环境科学学院,新疆大学资源与环境科学学院,新疆大学资源与环境科学学院,新疆大学资源与环境科学学院 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家自然科学重点基金项目(41130531);教育部创新团队项目(IRT1180);绿洲生态教育部重点实验室开放课题(XJDX0201-2013-08);国家自然科学基金(31060061) Patterns and mechanisms influencing plant diversity in an arid desert region riparian zone of the Aqikesu River, Xinjiang, China Author: Affiliation: College of Resources and Environment Science,Xinjiang University,College of Resources and Environment Science,Xinjiang University,College of Resources and Environment Science,Xinjiang University,College of Resources and Environment Science,Xinjiang University,College of Resources and Environment Science,Xinjiang University,College of Resources and Environment Science,Xinjiang University,College of Resources and Environment Science,Xinjiang University,College of Resources and Environment Science,Xinjiang University Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:荒漠区河岸植物多样性格局特征和影响机制研究可为河岸带生物多样性保护和管理提供依据。艾比湖荒漠区垂直河岸样带的植物多样性格局及其土壤影响机制的研究表明:(1)距河2.0-3.0 km (T3.0)和0.9-1.5 km (T1.5)的样带植物本质多样性、α多样性整体高于距河0.1-0.2 km (T0.2)和0.2-0.4 km (T0.4)的样带(P <0.05);(2) T0.4样带多样性最低,物种相似性最高,且植物生活型和土壤属性均较T0.2有较大的变化,反映了距河0.2-0.4 km区域群落性质的转变,0.2-0.4 km可作为确定河岸带宽度的参考样带;(3) 影响植物多样性的土壤因素和途径沿T0.2-T3.0样带趋于简单化,即由近河带(T0.2)贫营养(碳磷比(C/P)、土壤有机质(SOM))和高土壤水分(SWC)、盐分(TS)的限制作用,到远离河流旱胁迫加剧时对植物多样性影响逐渐突出的土壤全磷(P)和SWC;(4) 根据T1.5、T3.0植物多样性特征,研究区土壤水分在7.0-7.5%间, C/P在26.1-30.2之间以及盐分低于1.0%时能维持较高的多样性。最后对保护区河岸带和缓冲带宽度的确定、河岸带管理、植被资源保护以及生态系统恢复等提出针对性建议,以期为制定有效的河岸带生物多样性维护和资源管理对策提供理论参考和科学依据。 Abstract:Plant diversity in riparian areas is an important topic in restoration ecology and biodiversity conservation science. The Aqikesu River in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China, a typical inland river in this arid desert region, is the only river located in the Ebinur Lake Wetland National Nature Reserve and thus plays a crucial role in maintaining balanced and sustainable development of the local ecosystem. Exploration of plant diversity patterns and influencing mechanisms in the riparian zone in this desert area provides scientific baseline data related to the conservation of riparian biodiversity and scientific management of this reserve. However, the patterns of biodiversity and influencing mechanisms in the riparian zone along this river remain unclear. This study used four transects established perpendicular to the Aqikesu River in north and south of Dongdaqiao Station. The four transects were located 0.1-0.2 km, 0.2-0.4 km, 0.9-1.5 km, and 2-3 km from the river and named T0.2, T0.4, T1.5, and T3.0, respectively. Plots were established in each transect based on the appearance and characteristics of the plant communities, that is 10 m × 10 m for trees, 5 m × 5 m for shrubs, and 1 m × 1 m for herbs. Specifically, T0.2 included nine plots (three, four and two for trees, shrubs and herbs, respectively) and T0.4 had six plots (two plots each for trees, shrubs and herbs). T1.5 had eight plots (two plots each for trees and herbs, and four for shrubs). T3.0 had eight plots (two plots for trees and three plots each for shrubs and herbs). Geographic data were recorded in each plot; abundance, height, and diameter at breast height of trees were surveyed and recorded along with the abundance of shrubs and herbs. Soil samples were collected in each plot and soil water content (SWC), total salt (TS), pH, soil organic matter (SOM), and soil phosphorus (P) were measured in the lab. First, based on field and experimental data, the intrinsic and α diversity indices of T1.5 and T3.0 transects were all higher than those of T0.2 and T0.4 transects. Secondly, T0.4 transects exhibited the lowest diversity; the Cody and Wilson index of T0.4 was significantly lower than in other transects (P <0.05), and the Jaccard and Sørenson indices of T0.4 were significantly higher than that of other transects (P < 0.05). Compared with T0.2, the T0.4 transects had greatly reduced herbaceous flora, SWC, TS, and soil organic matter, which indicated the transitional nature of the community. Therefore, the T0.4 transect could function as a reference for determining the width of the riparian zone. Third, as distance from the river increases as one proceeds from T0.2 to T3.0, the effects and influence of soil conditions on plant diversity gradually become simpler. In the nearest distance away from the river (T0.2), plant diversity is constrained by poor nutrition (low carbon/ phosphorus ratio (C/P) and low SOM), high soil moisture, and high salt content. Farther from the river in the T0.4 and T3.0 area, only soil P and SWC were observed to gradually and prominently affect plant diversity more and more as drought stress increases with distance from the river. Fourth, based on plant diversity traits of T1.5 and T3.0, the highest plant diversity occurs when soil conditions in the study area have a an SWC between 7.0% and 7.5%, soil C/P between 26.1 and 30.2, and soil salt content of less than 1.0%. Finally, specific suggestions for determining the appropriate width of riparian and buffer zones and suggestions for riparian zone management, vegetation resource protection, and ecosystem restoration were proposed to provide a theoretical and scientific basis for effective biodiversity maintenance, resource management, and habitat damage mitigation in riparian zones. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献