地理教育面よりみた授業型式による学習効果

Abstract

Social studies, which was first introduced into our school education after the World War II, has been under enthusiastic investigation and animated discussion, and at last a new system of geography teaching has been embodied with its own course, and its curriculum is going to be formed.On this particular moment it is indispensably important to re-investigate this subject through the psychological aspect of the barners to consolidate its fundamental steps.From this point of view my first experimental teaching methods of geography teachig were applied to the first year boys of the Junior High School. The effect in their studies has been carefully measured, compared, and observed for the last 13 months.My teaching methods are-A. Lecture method-using a notebook and a black-board.B. Lecture method-using maps as well as a notebook and a blackboard.C. Lecture method-using maps and film slides as well as a notebook and a blackboard.The result of my experience can be summed up as follows: -1. What is learned with visual aids is less forgetful than what is learned through were lecture method teaching, irrespective of the lapse of time.2. Concerning the memory of place-names, the rate of forgetfulness cannot be discriminated between lessons given with maps only, and that given with film slides as well as maps; while, lessons given by were lectur method show rather high rate of forgetfulness.3. In learning actual geographical facts what is learnt through film slides shows the lowest rate of forgetfulness. But lessons given by the use of maps only and those given by lectures show little difference in the rate of forgetfulness.4. As to the memory of the logical understanding about geographical facts, in the early stage of learners, forgetting is rather rapid; afterwards, however, its rate diminishes on the straight line.5. About the abstract names of places and actual geographical facts impresed in the outstart of memory, in the early stage of learners, the rate of forgetfulness is rapid and its rate gradually diminishes with the lapse of time. At the end of a year still remaines a certain amount of memory.