実験コンフリクト事態における個人内コンフリクト量の研究

Abstract

Many psychological approaches since Freud have been oriented toward the clarification of the central role of intra-personal conflict in human behavior, and have generally subscribed to the view that organisms become involved in conflict every moment of their normal waking lives.The present study was designed to examine intra-personal conflict as a personality trait and degrees of conflict under experimental conflict situations.Forty university students served as Ss and were exposed to Brightness Discrimination Conflict situation where two lights of equal, or dissimilar brightness were simultaneously presented. They were also exposed to Motor Conflict which was obtained by having Ss practice two incompatible manual responses in random order and then presenting simultaneously the two lights which had served as signals for the two opposing responses. And then the same Ss were exposed to Affective Conflict which was defined as the affective judgement “Mixed” made by Ss who had been instructed to report the affective value of words under three categories: “Pleasant” “Unpleasant” and “Mixed”.The main results were the followings.1. Conflict RTs under experimental conflict situations showed very high reliabilities and stabilities.2. Degrees of conflict were dependent on the relative strength of competing response tendencies and not so much on the absolute strengths of these tendencies.3. Conflict RTs gradually increased in proportion to the number of conflict trials under conditions of strong conflict, while they showed reverse tendency under conditions of moderate and low conflicts.4. Strong conflict situations produce reliably greater intraindividual instability of conflict RTs than moderate and low conflict contexts.5. Different modes of conflict resolution under motor conflict situation showed different degrees of conflict (Blocking>Double>Compromise>Single).6. “Mixed” affective judgements quite definitely required more RTs than judgements in the other two categories under affective conflict situations.7. Intercorrelations of Discrimination, Motor and Affective conflicts were all statistically significant. It was clearly shown that Intrapersonal conflicts exist in amount varying among individuals like the other personality traits, so that some persons are more disturbed by a given degree of conflict than others.