马克思两种社会必要劳动时间的再思考

Abstract

Marx proposed the concept of “socially necessary labor time” in Das Kapital, which promoted and leaped the concept of “necessary labor time” in classical British political economy. The issue of Marx’s two types of socially necessary labor time has been debated in China for decades, with various opinions and incongruities. However, a thorough analysis of Marx’s two types of socially necessary labor time reveals that they are a reflection of the dialectical unity between productive forces and production relations under specific historical conditions in capitalist society, based on the materialist view of history. Together, they determine the value of commodities. Today, nearly 150 years have passed since Marx wrote Das Kapital. With the globalization of the world economy, social forms have undergone a transformation from a “production society” to a “consumption society”. Environmental pollution is becoming increasingly serious, and the necessary labor time in society has also generated new influencing factors, which require further analysis and research.