繁殖期高体鳑鲏对化学预警信息的行为响应及其与生理状态的关联

Abstract

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 繁殖期高体鳑鲏对化学预警信息的行为响应及其与生理状态的关联 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201709241723 作者: 作者单位: 重庆师范大学,重庆师范大学,重庆师范大学 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金面上项目（31770442）；重庆师范大学青年拔尖人才培育计划（14CSBJ08） Chemical alarm cue-induced behavioral responses and their relations with reproductive physiological status in Rhodeus ocellatus Author: Affiliation: Chongqing Normal University,Chongqing Normal University,Chongqing Normal University Fund Project: The National Natural Science Foundation of China 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:对化学预警信息（Chemical alarm cues，CAC）的识别与应答体现了鱼类在特定生理状态和特定环境下的生态策略，与动物的生存适合度密切相关。由于化学预警通讯和繁殖均为高能耗的生命活动，繁殖期鱼类的CAC通讯是否表现出基于能量代价-收益（Cost-benefit）的权衡成为值得关注的科学问题。本研究以具有特殊繁殖方式的高体鳑鲏（Rhodeus ocellatus）为实验对象，测定了繁殖IV期不同性别实验鱼对CAC的行为响应，并探究了实验鱼化学预警行为与其繁殖生理状态的关系。结果发现：（1）高体鳑鲏空间分布状态（底栖时间）和活跃状态（静止时间、运动距离、身体不重合度）均对CAC表现出明显的行为应答（P < 0.05），但逃逸行为（高速运动时间）不受CAC的影响（P > 0.05）；（2）高体鳑鲏对CAC的响应无性别差异；（3）高体鳑鲏预警行为的变化与繁殖生理状态（性腺指数、产卵管长度、肥满度）无显著相关性（P > 0.05）。结果表明，繁殖期高体鳑鲏依然对CAC展现出一定程度的行为应答，然而其行为响应程度并不受繁殖生理状态以及性别的影响，这可能主要与该物种特殊的繁殖对策有关。 Abstract:Chemical communication is a pervasive and dominant form of communication between animals in aquatic systems. Epidermal-damage-released chemical cues (hereafter referred to as chemical alarm cues or CAC) are typically released during a predation event and, therefore, serve as a reliable indicator of immediate predation risk. Chemical alarm cues are especially useful for species inhabiting aquatic environments when visual cues are limited, e.g. in deep or turbid water, at night, and in complex habitats. By effectively responding to CAC, individuals may increase their probability of survival by detecting and avoiding potential predators, whereas, adopting anti-predator behaviors incurs some cost stemming from concurrent decreases in other fitness-related activities. Since warning communication and reproduction are vital life activities that require high energy consumption, whether the responses of fish to CAC in the breeding season show energy-based trade-offs (cost-benefit) is a scientific issue worthy of attention. However, studies have demonstrated that some species of spawning Ostariophysians seasonally lose their alarm pheromone cells and guarding responses to CAC, and little is known about the relationship between the intensity of behavioral responses of prey to CAC and the physiological state of reproduction. In this study, we used rose bitterling, Rhodeus ocellatus, a small freshwater fish with special reproductive strategies, as an experimental model to investigate the behavioral responses of different genders to CAC during reproductive phase IV, and to determine the role of reproductive physiological status (i.e. gonadosomatic index, oviduct length, and condition factors) in the guarding responses of R. ocellatus to CAC. We defined the behavioral responses of the experimental fish to CAC and divided them into three grades, Grade I:change in spatial distribution in terms of bottom-dwelling time; Grade Ⅱ:change in activity in terms of motionless time, swimming distance, and body fill; and Grade Ⅲ:change in escape behavior in terms of highly mobile time. The results showed that:(1) the spatial distribution (Grade I) and activity (Grades Ⅱ), but not escape behavior (Grade Ⅲ), were significantly affected by CAC (P < 0.05); (2) there was no gender difference in R. ocellatus in response to CAC (P > 0.05); and (3) there was no significant correlation between the behavioral responses to CAC and reproductive physiological status (P > 0.05). We confirmed that R. ocellatus in reproductive phase IV still showed moderate behavioral responses (Grade I and Grade Ⅱ) to CAC. In view of reduced swimming efficiency and increased energy cost in fish during the reproductive period, the non-significant change in escape behavior (Grade Ⅲ) to CAC suggests that there may be energy-based trade-offs (cost-benefit) in this species. Additionally, although the males are brightly colored during the reproductive phase due to sexual selection, it remains to be seen whether the changes in body color increase its predation risk. Overall, moderate behavioral responses to CAC were observed in R. ocellatus in reproductive phase IV, but the intensity of behavioral responses to CAC was not affected by reproductive physiological status and gender. These characteristics are hypothesized to be related to the special reproductive strategies of this species. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献