Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate how to solve the urban heat island problem in central Tokyo by appropriate greenerization. To estimate the effect of the existing green spaces and proposed greening plans on the urban heat island in Tokyo area(30km×36km), the distributions of air temperature at 14:00 and 21:00 on typical summer day of eleven cases were calculated by using a numerical simulation with a mesoscale climate model. Then, the cost-effectiveness of two typical cases was calculated. The following results were obtained, 1) The air temperature increases at maximum 0.66°C at 14:00 in the western part of Tokyo by green open spaces(56km2) are lost in the areas not protected by city planning designation. This damage is estimated to be 1.8 billion yen per year. 2) Forestation of green spaces protected by city planning designation is the most effective method to cool down the air temperature of large areas. 3) Increasing the ratio of green areas in the central 3 wards is the most effective method to lower the air temperature. 4) Preserving existing green open spaces is important because they do not only absorb CO2, but also prevent discharging CO2 1.45 times bigger than the CO2 they absorb.
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