繁殖期黄喉雉鹑在景观尺度上的生境选择

Abstract

生境选择研究是野生动物保护工作中的一项重要内容。黄喉雉鹑（Tetraophasis szechenyii）是我国I级保护动物，先前对其生境选择进行过一定研究，但缺乏对生境选择层次性的考虑和界定。研究遵循学界对生境选择层次性的定义，从景观尺度（第2级尺度）调查四川省雅江县帕姆岭黄喉雉鹑在繁殖期的生境选择。通过设置80个样点，运用录音回放技术调查样点250 m缓冲半径内黄喉雉鹑的占域情况，然后通过地形数据和解译卫片提取有关生境变量，使用逻辑斯蒂回归模型预测影响占域的重要因素。结果显示，冷红杉林、高山栎丛和高山松林的面积占比是决定黄喉雉鹑占域与否的最重要因子。冷红杉林和高山栎丛的占比高、高山松林的占比低，则黄喉雉鹑占域可能性大。该生境选择形式可能与逃避天敌和有利于觅食相关，建议在未来保护管理中注重对冷红杉林和高山栎丛的优先保护。同时，也需对生境的镶嵌式结构进行保护。;Habitat selection is an important field of research in wildlife conservation. Although there are some quantitative studies on habitat selection by Buff-throated Partridges (Tetraophasis szechenyii), a Galliform species legally listed in Category I of the nationally protected animals in China, a natural ordering of selection process has not been considered in the analysis of habitat selection. Following the widely used definition of spatial scales in habitat selection, this study examined landscape-scale (second-order) habitat selection by Buff-throated Partridges during the breeding season in the Pamuling Mountains, Yajiang County, Sichuan. The technique of playback was used to investigate the occupancy of Buff-throated Partridges in 250 m buffer zone around 80 point stations, and the habitat variables of each station were achieved from topographic data and the available digital cartography resolutions. The logistic-regression habitat models showed that the proportions of fir-larch forests, oak thickets and pine forests were the most important predictors for the occupancy of Buff-throated Partridges. It was predicted that Buff-throated Partridges selected preferential sites with higher proportions of fir-larch forests and oak thickets, but a lower proportion of pine forests as their home ranges. The habitat selection pattern might have important consequences in terms of avoiding predators and gathering food. For the habitat management, it is suggested that fir-larch forests and oak thickets should be given priorities for conservation, and a mosaic of important habitats should be maintained.