古尔班通古特沙漠藻类结皮中微生物群落空间分异特征

Abstract

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 古尔班通古特沙漠藻类结皮中微生物群落空间分异特征 DOI: 10.5846/stxb202112313720 作者: 作者单位: 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（31860149）；新疆自然科学基金项目（2018D01C069） Spatial differentiation of microbial communities in Gurbantunggut Desert algae crust, Xinjiang, China Author: Affiliation: Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:古尔班通古特沙漠短命和旱生植物在沙漠东西走向上形成明显的种群变化梯度，那么沙漠藻类结皮土壤中微生物是否也具有类似地空间分布特征？为研究该科学问题，采用高通量测序技术，探究沙漠东西走向上藻类结皮土壤中细菌和真菌群落结构分布规律。在古尔班通古特沙漠西部、中部和东部区域分别采集藻类结皮土样，进行土壤理化因子分析及细菌和真菌扩增子测序，对比不同区域土壤理化性质和微生物群落空间分异特征，分析微生物多样性与环境因子相关性，最后根据微生物物种种类对其功能进行预测分析。结果表明：藻类结皮土壤氮素、全磷、全钾、pH以及土壤化学计量比碳磷比（C ： P）和氮磷比（N ： P）在沙漠不同区域存在显著性差异，其余指标空间尺度上变化梯度较小。微生物α多样性结果显示3个区域藻类结皮土壤中细菌群落丰富度和多样性存在显著性差异，东部与西部区域产生明显分化；而真菌α多样性指数无显著性差异，群落结构较为均匀，未产生分化。β多样性结果显示细菌群落在西部与东部藻类结皮间存在显著性差异，沙漠中部为沙漠西部和东部的过渡带。门水平细菌优势菌群为蓝藻门、变形菌门和拟杆菌门；真菌为子囊菌门和担子菌门。属水平上，丰度前30个属在沙漠不同区域表现出不同的菌群结构。Spearman相关性分析结果表明，多个理化因子与藻类结皮微生物群落呈正相关关系。此外，功能预测结果显示沙漠中、西部细菌功能基因聚类关系较近，并与东部部分功能基因具有显著性差异，但真菌群落功能在沙漠不同区域无显著性差异。研究结果表明，古尔班通古特沙漠藻类结皮土壤理化性质的改变驱动沙漠东部藻类结皮土壤中细菌群落与中、西部已产生显著适应性分化，且部分功能基因也逐步产生分化，但这些理化指标差异未能驱动真菌群落结构及功能产生显著分化。 Abstract:Ephemeral plants and xerophyte develop an obvious gradient change of population in the east-west direction of Gurbantunggut Desert. Whether the microorganism of the algae crust soil has the similar distribution characteristics like that? This paper discusses the bacterial and fungal community structures distribution characteristics of algal crust soil in the east-west direction of the desert by using high-throughput sequencing technology. We tested physical and chemical factors of the algae crust soil samples which were collected separately in the western, middle, and eastern regions of desert and compared the spatial differentiation of soil properties. Then, we conducted the bacterial and fungal amplicon sequencing, so as to analyze the microbial communities differentiation in different regions of the desert and the correlation between microbial diversity and environmental factors. At last the function was predicted according to the types of microorganism. The results indicate that there are significant differences in soil total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), total potassium (TK), pH and C:P and N:P in algae crust soil, with fewer gradient changes of other indicators regarding spatial scale of the desert. According to the alpha diversity of microorganism, there are significant differences in the bacterial communities' richness and diversity in three regions, among which the diversity of east and west regions are obviously differentiated. However, there is no significant difference in α-diversity indexes of the fungi, whose community structure is relatively uniform without differentiation. The β-diversity results present that the bacterial communities are significantly different between the western and eastern areas, while the middle of the desert is the transition zone. At the phylum level, the dominant bacterial populations are Cyanobacteria, Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes, and fungi are mainly Ascomycota and Basidiomycota. From the perspective of the genus of bacteria, top 30 in genus abundance appear different microbial community structure. From the Spearman analysis result, several physical and chemical factors are positively correlated with algal crusts microbial community. In addition, the clustering relationship of bacterial functional genes in the middle and west of the desert is closer, and having significant difference with some functional genes in the east. However, fungal community functions don't have significant difference in different regions of the desert. This paper finds that the change of soil properties have caused divergence of bacterial communities in the eastern Gurbantunggut Desert, adaptive differentiation significantly occurring in the central and western regions and some gradually differentiated functional genes. However, these changes can't lead to significant differentiation of fungal community structure and function. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献