辨证思维影响情绪信息记忆的心理机制

Abstract

辩证思维是中国文化中处理情绪信息的重要智慧，为了进一步考察辩证思维对情绪信息记忆的影响，本研究采用单字法定向遗忘范式，测量三种实验条件下情绪词的定向遗忘量和来源记忆准确性。结果发现辨证思维：1) 改变对情绪性质和强度的评估；2) 提高负性词忘记项目的记忆，以及正性词和负性词来源记忆的准确性；3) 但没有改变情绪词的定向遗忘效应。这表明：1) 辨证思维可通过提高情绪信息的安全性增加信息编码的准确性，促进情绪事件的意义建构；2) 来源记忆编码与提取要求的不一致，即忘记任务指令在提取阶段还可能发挥抑制作用，使得定向遗忘效应持续存在。 Dialectical thinking is one of the important wisdom of Chinese culture in processing emotional information. In order to further investigate the influence of dialectical thinking on emotional information memory, we used word-directed forgetting paradigm to measure the amount of directional forgetting and the accuracy of source memory in three kinds of experimental conditions. Results show that: 1) dialectical thinking can significantly change the nature and intensity of emotion of events represented by emotional words; 2) dialectical thinking can improve the memory of forgetting instruction of negative words; 3) but dialectical thinking doesn't change the directed forgetting effect of emotional words. Those indicate that: 1) dialectical thinking can improve accuracy of information encoding through increasing safety of emotional information, then promoting the construction of the meaning of emotional events; 2) the inconsistency between the source memory encoding and retrieval requirements makes the directed forgetting effect persist, namely forgetting instruction still plays a role in the recall phase.