Abstract
Australian ilmenite was chlorinated in a fluidized bed to study the rate of reaction, selective chlorination between Feand TiO2 and behavior of the main impurities.The rate of chlorination was dependent on temperature, particle diameter of ore and coke and chlorine partial pressure.The reaction mechanism was explained by an unreacted shrinking core model, which is based on the assumption that afterthe reaction proceeds to a certain extent, the solid particle consists of an unreacted core, surrounded by a reacted shell.Calcined petroleum coke (coarse or fine), unreacted petroleum coke, coal coke, charcoal, anthracite and graphite werecompared as reducing agents. Calcined petroleum coke (fine) was found to be most desirable for the impurities-ash andvolatile elements-and reactivity. The selective chlorination was dependent on roasting temperature, reaction temperature, particle diameter of ore and coke to ore ratio. The selectivity was improved by higher roasting temperatures, lower reactiontemperatures, lower coke to ore ratio and smaller particle diameterThe major impurities contained in ilmenite were SiO2, Al2O3, CaO, MgO and MnO. When the ilmenite ore was chlorinatedto XFe=0.9 at 880°C, SiO2 was virtually unreacted and the fractions of reaction for other impurities were respectively;Al2O3 30%, MgO 78%, CaO 58% and Mno 90%. Ilmenite ores from different supply sources-USSR (Irsha, Samotkansky, Kusha), S. Africa, U.S.A.(Florida, Tennessee), Australian west coast (Cable) and Malaysia were also tested. It was foundthat the unreacted shrinking core model was also applicable to the chlorination of these ores.
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